JAVA: Basics

Q1. what is java?
Q2. Advantages?
Q3. Disadvantages?

What is Java?
-in simple terms, it is a programming language.
-originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems in 1995
-it can be used by 2 types of people.
-it is an Object-Oriented Programming Language.
-platform-independent i.e. OS(operating system) friendly such as -windows, mac etc. OR it follows WORA protocol i.e. Write Once, Run Anywhere.
-to run any java program you need 3 basic tools

1. Operating System
2. JDK

3. Editor/IDE

4. Developers:-building or developing the applications

5. Testers:-test the application by writing test automation code

-it can be categorized into 2 types

1. core java-(developer, tester)
2. advanced java(developer, not mandatory for testers)

-IDE(Integrated Development Environment) is majorly used to build applications such as IntelliJ, Eclipse IDE etc.

Advantages?

1. Object-Oriented- everything is an object thus it can be easily extended
2. Platform Independent- OS/platform friendly, byte code is distributed over the web and interpreted by the JVM(Java Virtual Machine) on executer's platform.
3. Simple- understanding of the basics of java such as OOP Java can help one tap into advanced topics.
4. Secure- authentication techniques are based on public-key encryption, protection from virus and tampering
5. Robust- compile-time error checking and runtime checking
6. Multithreaded- run multiple tasks simultaneously which allows the developers to construct interactive applications that can run smoothly
7. High Performance- use of JIT(Just In Time) compiler improve performance
8. Distributed- able to access files by calling the methods from any machine on the internet

Disadvantages?

1. Performance- take much longer time to run compared to C/C++
2. Memory- java Programs run on top of JVM. Thus it consumes more memory
3. Cost- hardware cost increases since the memory and processing requirement is higher
4. Garbage Collection- programmer does not have any control over garbage collection since it does not provide functions like "delete()" etc. But one can call the "System. gc( )" method explicitly in order to inform the JVM to run the garbage collector.