GIT - Basics

GIT is a powerful version control system which used to manage the code across multiple users and track changes across different versions.

Installation:

Download and install GIT from the below path
https://git-scm.com/download/win

• Once installed, Git can be used as a version control system through various commands.
• You can configure Git for a specific folder on your computer, allowing you to manage all changes to existing files and the addition of new files within that folder

Basic commands:

1. git init:

This will initialize new repository in the current directory. This also creates .git directory and store all version control information.

2. git config:
git config --global user.name "Suresh"
git config --global user.mail "[e-mail]"

3. git status
Shows the current status of working area like staged, untracked and unstaged.

4. git add
add changes from working directory to the staging area, preparing them to commit.

• To add specific file: git add "filename.py"
• To add all changes git add .

5. git commit

• git commit -m "<message>"
• Commits the staged changes with descriptive mesage

6. git log

• Displays the list of commit history for the repository.
• It will show commit id, author, dates and commit changes

Creating a branch

• git branch <branch_name> - to create branch
• git checkout <branch_name> - to switch to the new branch
• git branch -b <branch_name> - to create and switch to branch
• git branch - to view all the branches (current branch will be highlighted with asterisk)

Merge a branch:
Once completed work on a branch and want to integrate it into another branch (like master), merging comes to place.

• It means all the changes we have made in <branch_name> will be merged with master branch.
• First, switch to the branch you want to merge into: git checkout master
• Then, use git merge <branch_name> to merge your branch.

Deleting branch
Once the code changes in <branch_name> merged into <master> branch, we might need to delete branch.

• use git branch -d <branch_name> to delete branch