CA 16 - IP address and Subnet

IP ADDRESS

IP (Internet protocol) address is a unique identifier for each device connected in network. It is assigned uniquely for each device.

Types of IP Address

1. IPV4

• This is the most commonly used type. For example, the format looks like 10.1.34.81
• It has 32-bits which is divided into 4 parts, 8 bits each.
• The range of each part will be 0-255.

2.IPV6

• Not commnly used but ready for future.
• It uses hexadecimal number system.
• It has 128-bits.

Parts of IP Address
IP Address has 2 parts namely Network and Host part.

• Network part: defines the network
• Host part: defined the device in network

SUBNETS

• Subnets is smaller and manageable division of larger network.
• Subnets exists in order to organise network efficiently.

Subnet Mask
A subnet mask decides which part of IP is Network and Host.
Here,

• First 3 octets = Network part
• Last octet = Host part

CIDR Notation
It is modern way of writing subnet mask. For Example, The format looks like 10.1.34.81/24
It means

• First 24-Bits = Network part
• Remaining 8-bits = host part