1️⃣ ACID
ACID is a set of properties that ensure database transactions are reliable. Each letter stands for:
| Letter | Meaning | What it ensures |
|---|---|---|
| A | Atomicity | A transaction is all or nothing. If one step fails, the entire transaction is rolled back. |
| C | Consistency | The database moves from one valid state to another valid state. Data integrity rules are never violated. |
| I | Isolation | Concurrent transactions don’t interfere with each other. The end result is the same as if transactions ran sequentially. |
| D | Durability | Once a transaction is committed, it cannot be lost, even if there’s a crash. |
✅ Example: Transferring \$100 from Alice → Bob
- Atomicity: Both debit and credit happen, or neither happens.
- Consistency: Total money in the system remains the same.
- Isolation: Two transfers happening at the same time don’t mix up balances.
- Durability: Even if the DB crashes immediately after, the transfer persists.
So ACID properties are essential for financial data, as in your scenario.
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