What is HTML?
- - HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
- - HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web pages
- - HTML describes the structure of a Web page
- - HTML consists of a series of elements
- - HTML elements tell the browser how to display the content
- - HTML elements label pieces of content such as "this is a heading", "this is a paragraph", "this is a link", etc.
A Simple HTML Document
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
Page Title
My First Heading
My first paragraph.
HTML History
Since the early days of the World Wide Web, there have been many versions of HTML:
Year Version
- 1989 Tim Berners-Lee invented www
- 1991 Tim Berners-Lee invented HTML
- 1993 Dave Raggett drafted HTML+
- 1995 HTML Working Group defined HTML 2.0
- 1997 W3C Recommendation: HTML 3.2
- 1999 W3C Recommendation: HTML 4.01
- 2000 W3C Recommendation: XHTML 1.0
- 2008 WHATWG HTML5 First Public Draft
- 2012 WHATWG HTML5 Living Standard
- 2014 W3C Recommendation: HTML5
- 2016 W3C Candidate Recommendation: HTML 5.1
- 2017 W3C Recommendation: HTML5.1 2nd Edition
- 2017 W3C Recommendation: HTML5.2
HTML HEADINGDS
HTML headings are defined with the
to tags.
defines the most important heading. defines the least important heading:
Example
This is heading 1
This is heading 2
This is heading 3
This is heading 1
This is heading 2
This is heading 3
defines the most important heading. defines the least important heading:
Example
This is heading 1
This is heading 2
This is heading 3
This is heading 1
This is heading 2
This is heading 3
This is heading 1
This is heading 2
This is heading 3
This is heading 1
This is heading 2
This is heading 3
HTML PARAGRAPHS
HTML paragraphs are defined with the
tag:
Example
This is a paragraph.
This is another paragraph.
HTML Links
HTML links are defined with the tag:
Example
- The link's destination is specified in the href attribute.
- Attributes are used to provide additional information about HTML elements. You will learn more about attributes in a later chapter.
HTML IMAGES
HTML images are defined with the tag.
The source file (src), alternative text (alt), width, and height are provided as attributes:
Example
HTML FORMATTING ELEMENTS
Formatting elements were designed to display special types of text:
- Bold text
- Important text
- Italic text
- Emphasized text
- Marked text
- Smaller text
- Deleted text
- Inserted text
- Subscript text
- Superscript text
HTML COMMENT TAG
You can add comments to your HTML source by using the following syntax:
Notice that there is an exclamation point (!) in the start tag, but not in the end tag.
Note: Comments are not displayed by the browser, but they can help document your HTML source code.
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