Content List
- DNS & DNS Record Need
- NS Record
- A Record
- AAAA Record
- CNAME Record
- MX Record
- TXT Record
- How All Record Work Together
What's DNS & Why DNS Record Needed?
Think, you have to talk to your friend urgently, so what you do? Finding him number using his name in phonebook and call him for talk. Why we dont use number directly, because humans are not good to remember numbers we are good in names, computers are good in numbers. if there are dozens of numbers than we cant remember it but computer can.
So just like it, if we want to locate a computer on internet we need an ip address. You don't want to remember and type this ip for just cat videos. To solve this problem we use domain names (friend name) to search something on broswer which find the ip address (friend number) on DNS (phonebook). That know which domain point to which ip address on internet.
There are millions of devices on the internet make triilions of queries every day on DNS.
Think your looking information about "Big Tech Company" like its physical address, mailing address, and head office like that "DNS Records" are used to looking different types of information of a specific domain like whats its web server address, mail server address, and verification informations.
What's NS Record?
Image you's in hospital and seeing for cardio specilist Dr. Harsh mehata but don't know where he is than what you do? you go to the front desk of hospital and ask "i'm looking for Dr. Harsh mehata who is specilist cardiologiest", desk receptionist answers, "i'm don't know the exact location, you need to query on cardiology department desk" she give the address of cardiology dipartment desk who have list of the all cardiologist doctors with its room.
"NS stand for Name Server a record point to Authoritative servers responsible for domains"
Just like analogy, NS records are server name of Authoritative servers (referel sheet at frontdesk) which tells you actual ip address where server locates. Mostly domains have morethan one NS records for handling crashes in case. If you change your website hosting than you updating NS record.
What's A Record?
A record stand for actual address of the server, its points to the IPv4 address of your server. Which used to estabilish connection with the server.
Think, your friend living in a small town where you need to find a white house of your friend. You ask the exact location to your friend than he give you exact map location. A record like a address provided by the map which will take you exaction locaiton of white house.
"IPv4 a 32 bit addresses, 4rth version of the IP. Version 1,2,and 3 are only used for internal and development process. Its a traditional four group of numbers separated by dots (.)"
What's AAAA Record?
AAAA Records also called Quad-A Records, its point to a IPv6 ip which is advaned version of IPv4. IPv4 developed for traditional internet but in modren age there are 3x devices in modern inernet.
Think, in a small town houses can used serial numbers as address for them but when town grows, become city which has 3x houses than old town. In there houses need a address which is not only a serial numbers it muste be unique and can form large combination.
"IPv6 is the modern 8 groups of numbers and letters (Hexadecimal) separeted by dots
.. its a 128 bit so its 3 times larger than IPv4 can form unlimited numbers of ips"
What's an CNAME Record?
It stand for Canonical Name, its like a nickname or alies for the domain. If i have site domain anoop.dev and another domain blogs.anoop.dev which point to my main site domain than this point by the CNAME record. Records like A and CNAME can't have same name or alies.
Think its like, you sent a letter to Tome Cruies, when post office look at name he understand you want ot send letter to Thomas Mapother. Then he post letter to correct address.
"Thomas Mapother is the actual name of Tom Cruies. If hosting ip will update CNAME update it to every subdomain"
What's an MX Record?
MX record stand for main exchanging record, its point to address of domain mail servers which handle all mail sent to domain. If you have domain store.com, if a user sent mail using query@store.com mx record ensure it goes in your mail inbox through mail server your site used.
Think its like, Department store where a front door used by only the customers if there are a trucks for delivery so its have a loading dock at the back so it not distrube customer on front door.
"MX record have priority, like multiple mailing server in priority stack if top one is crash or bussy than other handle current mail"
What's an TXT Record?
TXT record stand for text record it allow owner to put any kind of text data on dns server of there domain. In todays internet its used doing domains secure and resticting other server to make request. Tells the dns which types of server can not make request on my domain.
Services like Google Search Console tell you to put the some type of code to your domain text record so they can identify its really your domain.
Thinks its like a business card, A front face showing information like your address, services, about you but the back face showing you the details, verification of your business and stamp indicate trusted organization.
How All DNS Record Work Together?
You own a superpizza.com for the superpizza store. when user type it on the broswer it resolve in the following order:
- Browser request to dns for
superpizza.com - Dns resolver get NS record which point to your domain autoritative server.
- Authoritative dns return a A for ipv4 record and quad-A record for ipv6 address.
By using these steps user can reach to your website. If user want to order something to superpizza store then they visite store.superpizza.com, broswer request dns for this domain lookup, when dns reach to authoritative dns which responde with CNAME record point to superpizza.com.
If user have some problem than he sent email on anoop@superpizza.com it goes to my mail inbox. When user send email a mx look up query sent to dns which resolve with mx response point to mail servers configured on superpizza.com the handle mail with priority. When email response sended back to customer TXT record show the all legal and verification info to customer mail software prevent to mark my mails to spam. TXT record used to tell server its a legeal and authentic mail or any request by showing verification info.
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