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aronsantha
aronsantha

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> Digital Accessibility 1: WHY and WHO

Digital accessibility (abbreviated as a11y) is about:

  • designing and building digital products...
  • so that they can be used in a meaningful and equal way...
  • by as many people as possible — including those with disabilities.

WHY: Why focus on it?

  • Over 15% of the world's population self-identify as having a disability. By catering to them, you broaden your audience. (You also avoid getting a bad reputation and facing discrimination lawsuits).

  • When you design for accessibility, you also enhance the user experience for everyone else. (This is called the curb-cut effect).

Let me do the math for you:

larger audience + happier users = increased revenue
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WHO: Main groups to consider

1. Visual impairments 👁️

  • Examples: blindness, low vision, color blindness
  • Prevalence (worldwide): 13% vision loss, 3% color blind
  • Pain points:
    • digital products that do not work with screen reader software
    • mobile websites/apps without pinch to zoom, complex graphs and charts differentiated by colors alone
    • color contrasts that make it difficult to read text on the screen

2. Mobility impairments ♿️

  • Examples: arthritis, paralysis, amputees, seizure disorders
  • Prevalence (worldwide): 1 in 7 people
  • Pain points:
    • elements that are only designed to work with the use of a mouse.

3. Hearing impairments 👂🏼

  • Examples: deafness, heard of hearing
  • Prevalence (worldwide): 20%
  • Pain points:
    • audio content without text transcripts
    • video content without well-synchronized captions

4. Cognitive impairments 🧠

  • Examples: Down's syndrome, autism, ADHD, dyslexia, aphasia
  • Pain points:
    • busy interfaces that make it overly complicated to focus on the task at hand,
    • large blocks of (justified) text with minimal whitespace
    • small or hard-to-read fonts

+1. Others who can benefit from improved accessibility

  • Temporarily disabled: a person with a broken leg, or with slower thinking due to medication.
  • Situationally disabled: a person experiencing glare on a device screen or someone watching a video without sound on the train.
  • Mildly disabled. A person needing eyeglasses to see a screen or captions to understand audio.
  • Older people with age-related diminishing senses, eg. vision, grip, cognitive abilities.
  • Non-native speakers: they can take longer time to understand content.
  • SEO bots

Note: This post is part of a series on digital accessibility. The content of this series is based on various resources, including the Learn Accessibility course.

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