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Azamat Narzulloyev
Azamat Narzulloyev

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Professional Web Sayt Yaratish - To'liq Qo'llanma

#design #webdev #tutorial #beginners

Web sayt yaratish - bu faqat kod yozish emas, balki strategik yondashuv talab qiladigan murakkab jarayon. Muvaffaqiyatli loyiha uchun quyidagi bosqichlarni ketma-ket bajarishingiz kerak.

1. Loyihani Rejalashtirish va Tahlil Qilish

Maqsad va Auditoriyani Aniqlash

  • Sayt maqsadi nima? - Biznes, portfolio, blog, e-commerce
  • Target auditoriya kimlar? - Yoshi, qiziqishlari, texnik darajasi
  • Asosiy xususiyatlar - Foydalanuvchilar nimani qilishi kerak?

Raqobatchilarni O'rganish

  • Sohangizda boshqa saytlarni tahlil qiling
  • Ularning kuchli va zaif tomonlarini aniqlang
  • O'zingizning unique value proposition yarating

2. Dizayn va UX/UI Rejalashtirish

Wireframe va Mockup Yaratish 

Tavsiya qilinadigan vositalar:
- Figma (bepul va professional)
- Adobe XD
- Sketch (Mac uchun)
- Canva (oddiy dizaynlar uchun)
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Responsive Dizayn Prinsiplari

  • Mobile-first yondashish - Kichik ekranlardan boshlang
  • Flexible grid system - 12-column grid ishlatish
  • Breakpoints - 320px, 768px, 1024px, 1200px

Ranglar va Tipografiya

  • 2-3 ta asosiy rang tanlang
  • Contrast ratio kamida 4.5:1 bo'lsin
  • Web-safe shriftlarni ishlatish (Google Fonts)

3. Texnik Yechim Tanlash

Frontend Texnologiyalar

Boshlang'ich darajasi uchun: 

HTML5 + CSS3 + Vanilla JavaScript
- Sodda va tushunarli
- Hech qanday framework kerak emas
- Tez yuklash
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O'rta daraja uchun: 

React.js yoki Vue.js
- Component-based architecture
- Virtual DOM
- Katta community support
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Professional daraja: 

Next.js (React-based) yoki Nuxt.js (Vue-based)
- Server-side rendering
- SEO optimizatsiya
- Performance optimization
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Backend Tanlash (Agar kerak bo'lsa)

Oddiy saytlar uchun:

  • Static Site Generators: Gatsby, Hugo, Jekyll
  • Headless CMS: Strapi, Contentful

Murakkab loyihalar uchun: 

Node.js + Express.js
- JavaScript ecosystem
- NPM packages
- Real-time features
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Django yoki Flask (Python)
- Rapid development
- Admin panel
- Security features
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4. Development Jarayoni

Loyiha Strukturasini Yaratish 

my-website/
├── src/
│   ├── components/
│   ├── pages/
│   ├── assets/
│   │   ├── images/
│   │   ├── css/
│   │   └── js/
├── public/
├── package.json
└── README.md
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Version Control (Git) 

# Loyihani boshlash
git init
git add .
git commit -m "Initial commit"

# GitHub/GitLab ga yuklash
git remote add origin [repository-url]
git push -u origin main
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Kodlash Best Practices

HTML Best Practices: 

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="uz">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Aniq va qisqa title</title>
    <meta name="description" content="150 belgigacha tavsif">
</head>
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CSS Best Practices: 

/* BEM methodology ishlatish */
.header {}
.header__navigation {}
.header__navigation--active {}

/* CSS Variables */
:root {
    --primary-color: #007bff;
    --font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
}
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5. Performance Optimization

Rasm Optimizatsiyasi

  • WebP formatini ishlatish
  • Lazy loading qo'llash
  • Responsive images (srcset)

CSS va JavaScript Optimization 

// Minification va compression
// Gzip yoki Brotli compression
// Critical CSS inline qilish
// JavaScript chunking
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Caching Strategiyasi 

Browser Cache Headers:
- Static files: 1 yil
- HTML files: 5 daqiqa
- API responses: 15 daqiqa
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6. SEO va Accessibility

Technical SEO 

<!-- Open Graph tags -->
<meta property="og:title" content="Sahifa nomi">
<meta property="og:description" content="Sahifa tavsifi">
<meta property="og:image" content="rasm-url.jpg">

<!-- Schema markup -->
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "WebSite",
  "name": "Sayt nomi"
}
</script>
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Accessibility (A11y)

  • Semantic HTML ishlatish
  • Alt attributes rasmlar uchun
  • ARIA labels va roles
  • Keyboard navigation support

7. Testing va Quality Assurance

Turli Xil Testlar 

// Unit testing (Jest)
test('function works correctly', () => {
    expect(myFunction()).toBe(expectedResult);
});

// Integration testing
// E2E testing (Cypress, Playwright)
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Cross-browser Testing

  • Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge
  • Mobile browsers (iOS Safari, Chrome Mobile)
  • Accessibility testing tools

8. Hosting va Deployment

Static Saytlar Uchun (Bepul):

  • Netlify - Git integration, automatic deployment
  • Vercel - Next.js uchun eng yaxshi
  • GitHub Pages - GitHub repository'dan to'g'ridan-to'g'ri
  • Firebase Hosting - Google'dan

Dynamic Saytlar Uchun:

  • DigitalOcean - $5/oydan
  • AWS EC2 - Scalable solution
  • Heroku - Beginner-friendly
  • Railway - Modern alternative

Domain va SSL 

# Custom domain ulash
# Let's Encrypt SSL certificate (bepul)
# CDN setup (CloudFlare)
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9. Post-Launch va Monitoring

Analytics O'rnatish 

// Google Analytics 4
// Yandex.Metrica (O'zbekiston uchun)
// Performance monitoring (PageSpeed Insights)
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Security Measures

  • HTTPS enforcing
  • Content Security Policy (CSP)
  • Regular updates va patches
  • Backup strategiyasi

Performance Monitoring 

Tools:
- Google PageSpeed Insights
- GTmetrix  
- Lighthouse
- WebPageTest
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10. Davomiy Rivojlantirish

User Feedback

  • Contact forms
  • User surveys
  • Analytics data analysis
  • A/B testing

Regular Maintenance 

Weekly:
- Content updates
- Security updates
- Performance check

Monthly:
- Analytics review
- SEO audit
- User feedback analysis

Quarterly:
- Major updates
- Feature additions
- Technology updates
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Xulosa


Web sayt yaratish - bu bir martalik ish emas, balki davomiy jarayon. Muvaffaqiyat uchun:

  1. Rejalashtirish - Vaqt sarflab, to'g'ri strategiya ishlab chiqing
  2. Foydalanuvchi tajribasi - Har doim user-centric yondashish
  3. Performance - Tez va samarali sayt yaratish
  4. SEO - Qidiruv tizimlarida ko'rinish
  5. Continuous improvement - Doimiy takomillashtirish

Esda tuting: Perfect sayt yo'q, faqat doimiy yaxshilanayotgan sayt bor!

Ushbu qo'llanma bilan professional va zamonaviy web sayt yaratishingiz mumkin. Har bir bosqichni puxta bajarib, o'z vaqtida foydalanuvchilaringizga yordam bering.
manba innosoft

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