DNS stands for Domain Name System. It is a hierarchical and decentralized naming system for computers, services, or any resource connected to the Internet or a private network. It translates human-friendly domain names, such as www.example.com, into IP addresses, such as 192.0.2.1, that are used by computers to identify and locate resources on the Internet.
DNS works by resolving domain names to IP addresses through a series of queries. When a user types a domain name into their web browser, their computer sends a query to a DNS resolver, which is typically provided by their Internet service provider (ISP). The resolver then sends a query to a DNS server, which is responsible for the top-level domain (TLD) of the domain name, such as .com or .org. If the DNS server is not able to resolve the domain name, it sends a query to the next level of DNS servers, until the correct IP address is found.
To reserve a name for your website, you need to register a domain name. This can be done through a domain name registrar, which is an organization that manages the reservation of domain names. When you register a domain name, you are essentially renting the use of that domain name for a specified period of time, usually one year. Once you have registered a domain name, you can then point it to your website's IP address by configuring DNS settings for your domain.
There are also different types of domain names available, such as country code TLDs (ccTLDs) and generic TLDs (gTLDs) .ccTLDs are two-letter top-level domains and are specific to a country or territory. gTLDs are more general and include popular extensions such as .com, .net, and .org.
You can choose a registrar to register your domain name and also can check the availability of the domain. Once you have chosen the registrar and the domain name is available, you can buy it and point it to the IP address of your website and configure it according to your needs.
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