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AWS Global Infrastructure

#aws #cloud #cloudcomputing

The AWS Global Infrastructure is designed and built to deliver a flexible, reliable, scalable, and secure cloud computing environment with high-quality global network performance.

The AWS Global Infrastructure consists of three elements: Regions, Availability Zones, and points of presence

  1. Regions- they are Geographic areas (e.g., us-east-1, eu-west-1) that contain multiple isolated locations (AZs).
  2. Availability Zones (AZs)-Physically separate data centers within a region, designed for fault tolerance. Usually 3+ AZs per region.
  3. Edge Locations-Used by AWS services like CloudFront (CDN) to cache content closer to end-users
  4. Local Zones-Extensions of AWS regions, bringing compute and storage closer to large metro areas
  5. Wavelength Zones-Infrastructure designed for ultra-low latency applications using 5G networks.

Core Principles
-High availability through multi-AZ deployments.
-Scalability using services like Auto Scaling and Elastic Load Balancing.
-Global Reach with 30+ regions and hundreds of edge locations.
-Security at every layer: physical, network, application, and data.

Key Building Blocks of AWS Infrastructure
1.Compute-EC2 (virtual servers), Lambda (serverless functions), ECS/EKS (containers), Lightsail
2.Storage-S3 (object storage), EBS (block storage), EFS (file storage), Glacier (archival)
3.Networking-VPC (virtual networks), Route 53 (DNS), CloudFront (CDN), API Gateway, Direct Connect
4.Databases-RDS (relational), DynamoDB (NoSQL), Redshift (data warehouse), Aurora (managed relational DB)
5.Security-IAM (Identity & Access Management), KMS (key management), Shield (DDoS protection), WAF

  1. Monitoring & Management -CloudWatch, CloudTrail, Config, Trusted Advisor

Visual Structure
Global Region
├── Availability Zones (Multiple AZs)
│ ├── Data centers with compute, storage, networking
├── Edge Locations (for caching & latency)
├── Local Zones / Wavelength Zones (for ultra-low latency)

Example Architecture (Web App Infrastructure)
Route 53
↓
[CloudFront CDN (Edge Locations)]
↓
[Elastic Load Balancer (Multi-AZ)]
↓
[Auto-Scaling Group of EC2 Instances in Multiple AZs]
↓
[RDS Multi-AZ database + S3 for static content]
↓
[CloudWatch for monitoring & alarms]
↓
[VPC with public and private subnets + security groups]

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