HTML Stands for HyperText Markup Language.
HTML is the foundation of all websites.
HTML describes the structure of a Web page.
Basic Tags
<html> </html> : Creates an HTML document
<head> </head> : Sets off the title & other info that isn't displayed
<body> </body> : Sets off the visible portion of the document
<title> </title>: Puts the name of the document in the title bar; when bookmarking pages, this is what is bookmarked
Body attributes
<body bgcolor=?> : Sets background color, using name or hex value
<body text=?> : Sets text color, using name or hex value
<body link=?> : Sets the color of links, using the name or hex value
<body vlink=?>: Sets the color of visited links, using the name or hex value
<body alink=?>: Sets color of active links (while mouse-clicking)
Text Tags
<pre> </pre> : Creates preformatted text
<h1> </h1> --> <h6> </h6> : Creates headlines -- H1=largest, H6=smallest
<b> </b> : Creates bold text (should use instead)
<strong> </strong>: Emphasizes a word (usually processed in bold)
<i> </i> : Creates italicized text (should use instead)
<em> </em>: Emphasizes a word (usually processed in italics)
<font size=?> </font> : Sets size of font - 1 to 7 (should use CSS instead)
<font color=?> </font>: Sets font color (should use CSS instead)
<font face=?> </font> : Defines the font used (should use CSS instead)
Formatting
<p> </p> : Creates a new paragraph
<br>: Inserts a line break (Self Closing Tag)
<blockquote> </blockquote> : Puts content in a quote - indents text from both sides
<div> </div> : Used to format block content with CSS
<span> </span>: Used to format inline content with CSS
Links
<a href="URL">clickable text</a> : Creates a hyperlink to a Uniform Resource Locator
<a href="mailto:EMAIL_ADDRESS">clickable text</a> : Creates a hyperlink to an email address
<a name="NAME"> : Creates a target location within a document
<a href="#NAME">clickable text</a> : Creates a link to that target location
Graphical elements
<hr> : Inserts a horizontal rule
<hr size=?> : Sets size (height) of horizontal rule
<hr width=?> : Sets width of rule (as a % or absolute pixel length)
<hr noshade> : Creates a horizontal rule without a shadow
<img src="URL" /> : Adds image; it is a separate file located at the URL
<img src="URL" align=?> : Aligns image left/right/center/bottom/top/middle (use CSS)
<img src="URL" border=?> : Sets size of border surrounding image (use CSS)
<img src="URL" height=?> : Sets height of image, in pixels
<img src="URL" width=?> : Sets width of image, in pixels
<img src="URL" alt=?> : Sets the alternate text for browsers that can't process images (required by the ADA)
Lists
Unordered list :
An
Unordered
list
<ul> </ul> : Creates an unordered list
Ordered List :
- An
- Ordered
- List
<ol start=?> </ol>: Creates an ordered list (start=xx,
where xx is a counting number)
<li> </li> : Encompasses each list item
<dl> </dl> : Creates a definition list
<dt> : Precedes each defintion term
<dd> : Precedes each defintion
Forms
<form> </form> : Defines a form
<select multiple name=? size=?> </select> : Creates a scrolling menu. Size sets the number of menu items visible before user needs to scroll.
<select name=?> </select> : Creates a pulldown menu
<option> : Sets off each menu item
<textarea name=? cols="x" rows="y"></textarea>: Creates a text box area. Columns set the width;rows set the height.
<input type="checkbox" name=? value=?> : Creates a checkbox.
<input type="checkbox" name=? value=? checked>: Creates a checkbox which is pre-checked.
<input type="radio" name=? value=?> : Creates a radio button.
<input type="radio" name=? value=? checked> : Creates a radio button which is pre-checked.
<input type="text" name=? size=?> : Creates a one-line text area. Size sets length, in characters.
<input type="submit" value=?>: Creates a submit button. Value sets the text in the submit button.
<input type="image" name=? src=? border=? alt=?> : Creates a submit button using an image.
<input type="reset">: Creates a reset button
Tables
use only for data layout - use CSS for page layout
<table> </table> : Creates a table
<th> </th>: Sets off the table header (a normal cell with bold,
centered text)
<tr> </tr>: Sets off each row in a table
<td> </td>: Sets off each cell in a row
Table attributes
(only use for email newsletters)
<table border=?>: Sets the width of the border around table cells
<table cellspacing=?>: Sets amount of space between table cells
<table cellpadding=?>: Sets amount of space between a cell's border and its contents
<table width=?> : Sets width of the table in pixels or as a percentage
<tr align=?>: Sets alignment for cells within the row
(left/center/right)
<td align=?>: Sets alignment for cells (left/center/right)
<tr valign=?>: Sets vertical alignment for cells within the row
(top/middle/bottom)
<td valign=?>: Sets vertical alignment for cell (top/middle/bottom)
<td rowspan=?>: Sets the number of rows a cell should span (default=1)
<td colspan=?>: Sets the number of columns a cell should span
<td nowrap>: Prevents lines within a cell from being broken to fit
HTML5 input tag attributes
<input type="email" name=?>: Sets a single-line textbox for email addresses
<input type="url" name=?> : Sets a single-line textbox for URLs
<input type="number" name=?> : Sets a single-line textbox for a number
<input type="range" name=?>: Sets a single-line text box for a range of numbers
<input type="date/month/week/time" name=?> : Sets a single-line
text box with a calendar showing the date/month/week/time
<input type="search" name=?>: Sets a single-line text box for searching
<input type="color" name=?>: Sets a single-line text box for picking a color
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