Cách mình setup CI/CD đơn giản với GitHub Actions

#devops #githubactions #automation #cicd

GitHub Actions miễn phí cho public repo và có 2000 phút/tháng cho private repo. Đây là setup mình dùng cho hầu hết dự án.

Workflow cơ bản: Test + Deploy

# .github/workflows/deploy.yml
name: CI/CD

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]
  pull_request:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Node
        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: 20
          cache: 'npm'

      - run: npm ci
      - run: npm test
      - run: npm run lint

  deploy:
    needs: test
    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Deploy to server
        uses: appleboy/ssh-action@v1
        with:
          host: ${{ secrets.SERVER_HOST }}
          username: ${{ secrets.SERVER_USER }}
          key: ${{ secrets.SSH_KEY }}
          script: |
            cd /app
            git pull
            npm ci --production
            pm2 restart app

Chạy test với nhiều phiên bản

jobs:
  test:
    strategy:
      matrix:
        node-version: [18, 20, 22]
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: ${{ matrix.node-version }}
      - run: npm ci && npm test

Cache để build nhanh hơn

      - name: Cache node_modules
        uses: actions/cache@v4
        with:
          path: ~/.npm
          key: ${{ runner.os }}-npm-${{ hashFiles('**/package-lock.json') }}
          restore-keys: ${{ runner.os }}-npm-

Chạy khi có tag (release)

on:
  push:
    tags:
      - 'v*'

jobs:
  release:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - run: npm ci && npm run build

      - name: Create Release
        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v2
        with:
          files: dist/*

Tips

Secrets: Đặt ở repo Settings → Secrets, KHÔNG hardcode trong workflow
npm ci thay npm install: nhanh hơn, deterministic
needs: test: Deploy chỉ chạy khi test pass
Branch protection: Bật required checks cho PR
Timeout: Thêm timeout-minutes: 10 tránh workflow chạy mãi

CI/CD setup của bạn trông như thế nào? Share workflow hay nhé!

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