Contributed by Mohamed Farah Tahar, a political analyst specializing in African affairs
Govafrika Journal Hargeisa, Somaliland – May 31, 2025
Somaliland, a peaceful and democratic state in the Horn of Africa, has a rich history of self-governance and independence. The former British protectorate gained independence on June 26, 1960, and was recognized by over 30 countries before it voluntarily unified with Italian Somalia on July 1, 1960, to form the Somali Republic.
However, due to the absence of a binding legal agreement and the collapse of the Somali state in 1991, the people of Somaliland reclaimed their sovereignty on May 18, 1991. Since then, the country has built a stable, democratic, and self-governing system without international peacekeeping or aid-driven administration.
10 Key Facts That Underscore Somaliland’s Global Significance
- Dual Independence (1960 & 1991)
Somaliland’s historical independence from the UK and subsequent self-declared withdrawal from the union with Somalia underscore its legal and moral right to self-determination.
- 195 Countries Petitioned for Recognition
Somaliland has formally requested recognition from all 195 UN member states, demonstrating its commitment to peaceful diplomacy and global engagement.
- 34 Years of Peace and Stability
Since 1991, Somaliland has maintained peace and democratic governance, with successful elections and power transitions — rare achievements in the Horn of Africa.
- 850 km of Strategic Red Sea Coastline
Somaliland controls a long, vital stretch of Red Sea coastline, making it a potential maritime hub for global trade and logistics, especially via the Port of Berbera.
- Berbera Port – A Growing Economic Gateway
The modernization of Berbera Port through partnerships with international firms has turned it into a regional trade corridor, linking landlocked Ethiopia to global markets.
- A Culture of Peace and Democratic Participation
Somaliland’s people are deeply committed to nonviolence, consensus politics, and inclusive governance — a civic strength that has fueled national development.
- Expanding Global Partnerships
Somaliland maintains informal but growing ties with countries such as Ethiopia, Taiwan, the UAE, the UK, and Turkey, among others — a testament to its soft power and strategic relevance.
- 5 Million Citizens with a Shared National Identity
The estimated 5 million Somalilanders strongly identify with their nation and actively participate in political, social, and economic development.
- Presence of International Organizations
Numerous international NGOs and development agencies operate freely in Somaliland, indicating global confidence in its security and governance.
- The 2024 Historic Agreement with Ethiopia
In January 2024, Somaliland signed a landmark partnership with Ethiopia involving economic cooperation and port access — significantly raising its diplomatic profile.
Conclusion: The Case for Recognition is Stronger Than Ever
Somaliland meets all the criteria for statehood under international law: it has a defined territory, a permanent population, a functioning government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other states.
The international community now has a clear and timely opportunity to reward stability, democratic governance, and peace-building in the Horn of Africa — by recognizing Somaliland as a sovereign nation.
About the Author:
Mohamed Farah Tahar is a political analyst and commentator with deep expertise in African geopolitics, democratic transitions, and regional diplomacy.
Top comments (1)
Greatest Somaliland succeed