DEV Community

Cover image for KAYAP: Hardening Drone Stability via Neural Differential Manifolds
Muhammed Shafin P
Muhammed Shafin P

Posted on

KAYAP: Hardening Drone Stability via Neural Differential Manifolds

KAYAP represents the next evolution in the NDM (Neural Differential Manifold) robotics suite. While earlier NDM iterations focused on raw adaptability through continuous weight evolution, KAYAP introduces a specialized Hardened Elastic Manifold strategy.

Its goal is not just adaptation — but guaranteed survivability in physically chaotic and failure-prone environments.


🧩 Core Innovation: The Elastic Manifold Strategy

Traditional neural controllers attempt to predict absolute thrust values, which makes them fragile under noise or partial hardware failure.

KAYAP instead operates on an Elastic Manifold:

🔹 Delta-Based Control

  • The AI predicts a ± delta relative to a stable hover value
  • It never outputs raw motor power directly

🔹 “Death Spiral” Prevention

  • Weight updates are constrained to an elastic range
  • This prevents runaway weight migration that causes drones to flip uncontrollably
  • Sensor noise or sudden motor loss no longer leads to catastrophic instability

This design directly addresses the classic neural controller death spiral problem.


🧠 Training Architecture: Learning from a Teacher

KAYAP uses an Imitation → Autonomy pipeline to harden the manifold before full independence.

1️⃣ The PD Teacher Phase

  • For the first 180 episodes, a classical Proportional–Derivative (PD) controller acts as a teacher
  • The NDM observes correction signals and maps them into its internal manifold geometry

2️⃣ Teacher Decay

  • The teacher’s influence is gradually reduced
  • The NDM must rely entirely on its learned internal “reflexes”

3️⃣ Mirror Training

  • Every training step is mathematically mirrored
  • Learning to recover from a left-leaning gust automatically grants recovery from a right-leaning one
  • This enforces geometric symmetry inside the manifold

🧪 The “Hardened” Test Suite

KAYAP is evaluated using a four-stage stress gauntlet designed to break standard neural controllers.

Test Challenge Environmental Stress Hardware Condition
1 Baseline Standard Hover 100% Efficiency
2 Heavy Wind Lateral Force -4.0 (Left) 100% Efficiency
3 Underpowered Low Voltage +3.0 (Right) 85% Motor Capacity
4 Extreme (Boss) Catastrophic Failure -6.0 75% Power (Crippled)

📊 Performance Analysis: Run 4 (The “Success Case”)

The repository highlights Run 4 as the benchmark for a truly Hardened Manifold.

  • Runs 2 & 3 ended in Total System Collapse (falling out of the simulation or extreme rotational divergence)

🟢 Run 4 Results

  • Priority Learning
    • The AI stabilized rotation first, even before reaching the target altitude
    • Final Roll: 0.008 rad under crippled motor conditions
  • Weight Stability
    • High Momentum: 0.98
    • Low Learning Rate: 0.0005
    • Internal manifold geometry remained stable under extreme physical stress

Training Data as a Structural Prior

Neural Differential Manifolds (NDM) do not merely learn control outputs; they learn a geometry of response.

When trained on balanced, extreme, and mirrored trajectories, the manifold hardens into a stable elastic structure capable of surviving disturbances, asymmetries, and partial system failures.

Conversely, poor, narrow, or biased training data produces a fragile manifold geometry, leading to runaway dynamics and catastrophic failure under stress.


🔑 Key Takeaway

KAYAP proves that robotic stability is not about faster reactions.

It is about geometrically hardening the learning manifold itself.

A well-trained Neural Differential Manifold does not blindly chase goals —

it prioritizes its own structural survival.


🔗 Repository

📦 Source Code & Experiments:

https://github.com/hejhdiss/ndm-applications-robotics

Top comments (0)