In this study, we investigated the relationship between environmental parameters (water and sediment) and benthic foraminiferal assemblages found in nearshore siliciclastic sediment in the Arabian Gulf. Nearshore marine water and sediment samples were collected from a beach on the Gulf of Bahrain located south of Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia. The water samples were analyzed for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and other chemical analyses. The sediment samples were tested for sediment oxygen demand (SOD) and heavy metal analysis. Results showed the BOD5 levels were below the detection limit ( less then 1 ppm), while the mean SOD value was 0.97 ± 0.08 g/m2·day. The water and sediments were unpolluted and free of eutrophic enrichment, while the sediment was anoxic. The two most common genera in the benthic foraminiferal assemblage, Ammonia and Elphidium, are typical of shallow water sandy substrates. This is the first reported comparison between SOD and benthic foraminiferal assemblages.
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia using the digital Orthopantomography (OPG).
A retrospective radiographic study was performed in which digital OPGs of 1189 subjects, ages ranging between 7 and 65years were reviewed, and 1104 fulfilled inclusion criteria. Statistical analysis was performed. The OPGs were reviewed for congenitally missing teeth, impactions, ectopic eruption, supernumerary teeth, odontomas, dilacerations, taurodontism, dens in dente, gemination and fusion.
OPGs of 1104 patients with mean age 35.32±16.63 were included. The total prevalence of developmental anomalies in this study was 36.3% (401/1104). Male and female subjects with anomalies were 133 (33.2%) and 268 (66.8%) respectively. The prevalence of dilacerated teeth 300 (30.2%), congenitally missing teeth was 246 (24.7%), supernumerary teeth 18 (1.8%), talon cusp and taurodontism were seen in one patient each 1 (0.1%). Of these, a total of 15 (1.5%) anomalies were noted in pediatric patients.
Dilaceration was the most prevalent anomaly (30.2%) in the studied sample followed by congenitally missing teeth (23.4%). Talon cusp, concrescence/fusion, and taurodontism were the least prevalent anomalies.
Dilaceration was the most prevalent anomaly (30.2%) in the studied sample followed by congenitally missing teeth (23.4%). selleck chemicals llc Talon cusp, concrescence/fusion, and taurodontism were the least prevalent anomalies.Malnutrition is considered as major public health concern and is emerging challenge to food and nutrition security particularly in developing countries. Rice is the staple food and consumed by the half of the world's population which is the source of daily requirement of the nutrients. Attempts are being made to fortify rice with micronutrients, but the loss or retention of these micronutrients in different cooking methods is not well studied and documented especially in fortified rice. In the present study, paddy seeds of six Indian varieties were fortified with iron and zinc by parboiling process. Consequently, fortified polished rice had higher micronutrient contents (Fe, 106.31 ± 12.56; Zn, 97.72 ± 9.75) than non-fortified polished rice (Fe, 7.44 ± 1.05; Zn, 14.74 ± 2.94) expressed in ppm. Polished rice of both fortified and non-fortified were cooked under five different cooking conditions and analyzed for remaining iron and zinc content. Cooking rice in rice cooker without prior washing (NRC) retained highest concentration of Fe and Zinc in both fortified and non-fortified rice varieties. It also showed that fortified rice suffered higher percentage loss of micronutrient, than the non-fortified rice. But the average retained micronutrient amount measured in ppm, was higher in fortified rice (Fe, 43.54 ± 6.88; Zn, 36.7 ± 3.12) than in non-fortified rice (Fe, 4.24 ± 0.87; Zn, 9.3 ± 2.11). Hence, adopting appropriate cooking method, higher amount of micronutrients will be retained in the cooked food which will in turn help in combating the malnutrition and improve health.The role of natural antioxidants in preventing of age-relating diseases is evident. The vegetable industry generates a large amount of waste, which is a good source of antioxidants. The aim of the study was the investigation of the antioxidant effect of long-term consumption of ethanolic yellow onion husk extract in ageing laboratory rodents. Twenty male Wistar albino rats were divided randomly into two groups (n = 10) a control group and an experimental group that received ethanolic yellow onion husk extract (2 mL/rat diluted with distilled water; activity of 4.44 µmol-equiv. quercetin) for 188 days. Oxygen radical absorbance capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays were used to determine the total antioxidant capacity of the extract, which amounted to 941.4 ± 32.7 µmol equiv. Trolox/g raw material and 167.4 ± 16.4 µmol-equiv. quercetin/g raw material, respectively. Oral intake of the onion husk extract affected the indicators of the antioxidant system of the liver and the brain but not of the blood and plasma, mainly due to elevations in the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the liver by 44.4% and 79.1%, respectively, and in the brain by three-fold and 79.1%, respectively. The availability, cheapness and high antioxidant potential of onion waste qualifies it a good source of functional ingredients and bioactive substances applicable in the food and pharmaceutical industries.The purpose of this study is to access the existing awareness of nearly forgotten Thai detergent plants by the use of chemometrics tool. A Northern Thai forest dependent community was chosen as it played vital role on knowledge retaining of plant utilisations. For initial perception, ethnobotanical survey was conducted to determine usage of plants by the community. Then the utilised plant parts were screened for phytochemicals and their relationships with the defined cleansing terms (viz., shampoo, scrub, detergent, soap, scent and spiritual) were analysed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). From the results, the most cited plants as known, used and found were Acacia concinna, Clitoria ternetea, Oryza sativa and Citrus hystrix. Biometric analyses advised that knowledge of detergent plant utilisation was well preserved at all age ranges and it was not variable with genders. Cluster analysis described that term 'spiritual' was not narrated with cleansing properties. For phytochemical analysis, plant extracts showed positive variable of bioactive ingredients and the main compounds in the extracts was saponins.selleck chemicals llc
Top comments (0)