Frozenset in Python (1)

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*Memo:

• My post explains a frozenset (2).
• My post explains a frozenset (3).
• My post explains a set (1).
• My post explains set and frozenset functions (1).
• My post explains a frozenset comprehension.
• My post explains a frozenset shallow and deep copy.
• My post explains a list (1).
• My post explains a tuple (1).
• My post explains a dictionary (1).
• My post explains an iterator (1).
• My post explains a string (1).
• My post explains a bytes (1).
• My post explains a bytearray (1).
• My post explains a range (1).

A frozenset:

• is the unordered immutable(hashable) collection of zero or more elements whose type is frozenset:
  • Unordered means that the order of each element in a frozenset isn't kept so it doesn't guarantee that the order is always the same.
  • Immutable(Hashable) means the elements of a frozenset cannot be changed.
• doesn't allow duplicated elements (even with different types).
• can have the hashable types of elements:
  • A hashable type is the type whose value cannot be changed like str, bytes, int, float, complex, bool, tuple, frozenset, range or iterator.
• cannot have the unhashable types of elements:
  • A unhashable type is the type whose value can be changed like bytearray, list, set or dict.
• can be used with len() to get the length.
• is False if it's empty.
• can be checked if a specific element is in the frozenset with in keyword.
• can be checked if the frozenset is referred to by two variables with is keyword.
• and one or more frozenset can be concatenated with | but not with +.
• cannot be enlarged with * and a number.
• can be iterated with a for statement.
• can be unpacked with an assignment and for statement, function and * but not with **.
• can be created by frozenset() with or without an iterable and by a frozenset comprehension:
  • For frozenset(), the words type conversion are also suitable in addition to the word creation.
• cannot be big because it gets MemoryError.
• cannot be read by indexing and slicing.
• cannot be changed by indexing, slicing and a del statement.
• can be continuously used through multiple variables.
• cannot be shallow-copied by frozenset.copy(), copy.copy() and frozenset().
• can be deep-copied by copy.deepcopy().

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Be careful, a big frozenset gets MemoryError.

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frozenset() can create a frozenset as shown below:

A = frozenset()                                   # Empty 1D frozenset
A = frozenset([10, 20, 30, 40, 50])               # 1D frozenset
A = frozenset([10, 20, 30, 10, 20, 30])           # 1D frozenset
A = frozenset([10, 20, 30, 40,                    # 2D frozenset
               frozenset([50, 60, 70, 80])])
A = frozenset([frozenset([10, 20, 30, 40]),       # 2D frozenset
               frozenset([50, 60, 70, 80])])
A = frozenset([frozenset([10, 20, 30, 40]),       # 3D frozenset
               frozenset([frozenset([50, 60]),
                          frozenset([70, 80])])])
A = frozenset([frozenset([frozenset([10, 20]),    # 3D frozenset
                          frozenset([30, 40])]),
               frozenset([frozenset([50, 60]),
                          frozenset([70, 80])])])
# No error

A = frozenset([0, 0.0, 0.0+0.0j, False])
A = frozenset([1, 1.0, 1.0+0.0j, True])
A = frozenset(['A', b'A', 2, 2.3, 2.3+4.5j, True, (2, 3), frozenset([2, 3]),
               range(2, 3), iter([2, 3])])
print(len(frozenset([10, 20, 30, 40, 50])))
A = frozenset([0, 1, 2]) | frozenset([frozenset([3, 4])]) \
    | frozenset([frozenset([frozenset([5, 6, 7, 8])])])
for x in frozenset([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]): pass
for x in frozenset([frozenset([10, 20, 30, 40]),
                    frozenset([50, 60, 70, 80])]: pass
for x in frozenset([frozenset([frozenset([10, 20]),
                               frozenset([30, 40])]),
                    frozenset([frozenset([50, 60]),
                               frozenset([70, 80])])]): pass
v1, v2, v3 = frozenset([0, 1, 2])
v1, *v2, v3 = frozenset([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
for v1, v2, v3 in frozenset([frozenset([0, 1, 2]),
                             frozenset([3, 4, 5])]): pass
for v1, *v2, v3 in frozenset([frozenset([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]),
                              frozenset([6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11])]): pass
print(*frozenset([0, 1]), 2, *frozenset([3, 4, *frozenset([5])]))
print(frozenset([*frozenset([0, 1]), 2,
                 *frozenset([3, 4, *frozenset([5])])]))
A = frozenset(x**2 for x in frozenset([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]))
A = frozenset(frozenset(y**2 for y in x) for x in
        frozenset([frozenset([0, 1, 2, 3]),
                   frozenset([4, 5, 6, 7])]))
A = frozenset(frozenset(frozenset(z**2 for z in y) for y in x) for x in
        frozenset([frozenset([frozenset([0, 1]), frozenset([2, 3])]),
                   frozenset([frozenset([4, 5]), frozenset([6, 7])])]))
# No error

A = frozenset([10, 20, [30, 40], 50, 60])
A = frozenset([10, 20, {30, 40}, 50, 60])
A = frozenset([10, 20, {30:40, 50:60}, 70, 80])
A = frozenset([bytearray(b'Hello')])
A = frozenset([0, 1, 2]) + frozenset([frozenset([3, 4])]) \
    + frozenset([frozenset([frozenset([5, 6, 7, 8])])])
A = frozenset([10, 20, 30, 40, 50]) * 3
A = frozenset(range(1000000000))
A = frozenset([x for x in range(1000000000)])
# Error

A frozenset is the unordered immutable(hashable) collection of zero or more elements whose type is frozenset as shown below:

A = frozenset([10, 20, 30, 40, 50])

print(A)
# frozenset({40, 10, 50, 20, 30})

print(type(A))
# <class 'frozenset'>

A[1] = 'X'
A[3] = 'Y'
# TypeError: 'frozenset' object does not support item assignment

A = frozenset() # Empty frozenset

print(A)
# frozenset()

A frozenset doesn't allow duplicated elements (even with different types) as shown below:

A = frozenset([10, 20, 30, 10, 20, 30])

print(A)
# frozenset({10, 20, 30})

A = frozenset([0, 0.0, 0.0+0.0j, False])

print(A)
# frozenset({0})

A = frozenset([1, 1.0, 1.0+0.0j, True])

print(A)
# frozenset({1})

A frozenset can have the hashable types of elements as shown below:

A = frozenset(['A', b'A', 2, 2.3, 2.3+4.5j, True, (2, 3),
               frozenset([2, 3]), range(2, 3), iter([2, 3])])
print(A)
# frozenset({True, 2, 2.3, frozenset({2, 3}),
#            range(2, 3), <list_iterator object at 0x00000245108C9FF0>,
#            (2.3+4.5j), (2, 3), 'A', b'A'})

A frozenset cannot have the unhashable types of elements as shown below:

A = frozenset([10, 20, [30, 40], 50, 60])       # frozenset(list)
# TypeError: unhashable type: 'list'

A = frozenset([10, 20, {30, 40}, 50, 60])       # frozenset(set)
# TypeError: unhashable type: 'set'

A = frozenset([10, 20, {30:40, 50:60}, 70, 80]) # frozenset(dict)
# TypeError: unhashable type: 'dict'

A = frozenset([bytearray(b'Hello')])            # frozenset(bytearray)
# TypeError: unhashable type: 'bytearray'

A frozenset can be used with len() to get the length as shown below:

A = frozenset([10, 20, 30, 40, 50])

print(len(A))
# 5

An empty frozenset is False as shown below:

print(bool(frozenset()))              # Empty frozenset
# False

print(bool(frozenset([0])))           # frozenset
print(bool(frozenset([frozenset()]))) # frozenset(Empty frozenset)
# True

A frozenset can be checked if a specific element is in the frozenset with in keyword as shown below:

A = frozenset([10, frozenset([20, 30])])

print(10 in A)
# True

print(frozenset([20, 30]) in A)
# True

print(50 in A)
print(20 in v)
print(30 in v)
print(frozenset(['B']) in v)
print(frozenset(['C']) in v)
print(frozenset([10, frozenset([20, 30])]) in v)
# False

A frozenset and one or more frozenset can be concatenated with | but not with + as shown below:

A = frozenset([0, 1, 2]) | frozenset([frozenset([3, 4])]) \
    | frozenset([frozenset([frozenset([5, 6, 7, 8])])])

print(A)
# frozenset({0, 1, 2, frozenset({3, 4}), frozenset({frozenset({8, 5, 6, 7})})})

A = frozenset([0, 1, 2]) + frozenset([frozenset([3, 4])]) \
    + frozenset([frozenset([frozenset([5, 6, 7, 8])])])
# TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'frozenset' and 'frozenset'

A frozenset cannot be enlarged with * and a number as shown below:

A = frozenset([10, 20, 30, 40, 50]) * 3
# TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for *: 'frozenset' and 'int'