If you're starting your cybersecurity journey, one of the first things you'll encounter is Linux.
Many security tools—from Nmap to Metasploit and Wireshark—are commonly used in Linux environments. You don't need to memorize hundreds of commands on day one, but learning a few essential ones will make your learning journey much easier.
Here are five commands every beginner should know.
1. pwd – Know Where You Are
pwd
This command displays your current working directory.
It's useful when you're navigating through folders and want to know exactly where you are.
2. ls – List Files and Folders
ls
Use it to see the contents of the current directory.
For more details:
ls -la
This also shows hidden files, which are common in Linux systems.
3. cd – Change Directory
cd Documents
Move into another folder.
To return to the previous directory:
cd ..
Directory navigation becomes second nature once you practice it.
4. mkdir – Create a New Folder
mkdir Practice-Lab
A simple way to organize notes, scripts, or lab exercises.
Keeping your workspace organized makes learning easier.
5. cat – Read a File
cat notes.txt
Displays the contents of a text file directly in the terminal.
This command is frequently used when reviewing configuration files and logs.
Final Thoughts
Every cybersecurity professional starts with the basics.
Before diving into penetration testing or advanced security tools, becoming comfortable with Linux will save you a lot of time and frustration.
What's the first Linux command you learned?
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