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Rahul singh Shekhawat
Rahul singh Shekhawat

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Why AI Agents Are Hard to Debug (And What We’re Missing)

AI agents are getting powerful.

We can now build systems that:

  • Call APIs
  • Use tools
  • Chain multiple LLM steps
  • Make decisions autonomously

But there’s one problem I keep running into:

When something goes wrong, it’s incredibly hard to understand why.


The Illusion of Observability

Today, we have tools that provide:

  • Logs
  • Traces
  • Token usage
  • Cost tracking

These are useful.

But in practice, they answer only one question:

👉 “What happened?”

Not:

👉 “Why did it happen?”


A Simple Example

Imagine an AI agent:

  1. Takes user input
  2. Calls an API
  3. Processes the response
  4. Generates final output

Now suppose the final answer is wrong.

Where did it fail?

  • Was the prompt incorrect?
  • Did the tool return unexpected data?
  • Did the model misinterpret context?
  • Did a previous step introduce noise?

Most of the time, you’re left manually digging through logs.


The Real Problem: Debugging, Not Logging

We don’t just need better logs.

We need:

  • Step-by-step replay of workflows
  • Visibility into intermediate decisions
  • Clear identification of failure points
  • Understanding of how context evolves

In short:

We need debugging tools for AI systems, not just observability tools.


What’s Missing Today

From my experience, current workflows rely heavily on:

  • Manual inspection
  • Trial and error
  • Adding more logging
  • Using evals to detect issues

But even then:

👉 You still don’t get a clear answer to why something failed.


A Different Way to Think About It

Instead of asking:

“How do we log more?”

We should ask:

“How do we make AI systems debuggable?”

That means:

  • Replaying executions like a timeline
  • Highlighting where things diverged
  • Understanding cause → effect relationships
  • Reducing guesswork

Where I’m Heading

I’ve been exploring this space and working on something focused on:

  • Debugging multi-step AI workflows
  • Understanding root causes of failures
  • Improving trust in AI systems

Still early, but the goal is simple:

Help developers understand why their AI behaves the way it does.


Open Questions

If you’re working with AI:

  • How do you debug failures today?
  • Do you feel current tools are enough?
  • What’s the most frustrating part of working with AI systems?

Would love to hear your thoughts.

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