🔍⭐What is Data Normalization?

Data normalization is a method of storing information in a database in an organized, non-redundant, and consistent way. The logic is simple: instead of storing the same information in multiple places, keep the data in one place and link it to other tables. This ensures data consistency and avoids unnecessary storage.

📌 Example: Suppose in an Orders table, the customer name, address, and phone number are repeated for every order. This table is not normalized. By applying normalization, we move customer information to a separate Customers table. Now, each customer’s data is stored only once, and the Orders table links to it using the customer ID.

✅ This way:

Data consistency improves: updates are done in a single place ✅

Storage space is saved ✅

Queries become faster and management easier ✅

💡 The essence of the logic:

“Each piece of data should be stored only once; repeating data should be linked through separate tables.”

📌 Extra tip: Normalization is usually done in steps like 1NF, 2NF, 3NF. However, in some cases, controlled denormalization is preferred for performance reasons.