Implement data fetching with urql and Next.js

#javascript #graphql #nextjs #urql

Urql

URQL is a versatile GraphQL client library which is a simplistic and lightweight alternative to other heavy client libraries such as Apollo or Relay. It can handle content heavy pages through Document caching and dynamic and data-heavy apps through Normalized caching.

Installation

Installing urql with Next JS is very simple with your choice of package manager. We also need to install graphql package as a peer dependency.

yarn add urql
or
npm install urql

yarn add urql graphql
or
npm install graphql

Set up the client

urql gives us a Client class and we use it to create a new instance of the client with our API endpoint as the url. We create a file src/graphQL/client.ts to write the following code.

import { createClient } from "urql";

// YOUR API URL
const API_BASE_URL = "http://localhost:3000/graphql";

const client = createClient({
  url: API_BASE_URL,
});

export { client }

Provide the client

We need to wrap our component with Provider to use the client we previously defined so that every component within it can make use of GraphQL queries. We do this in out pages/_app.tsx component.

import { Provider as URQLProvider } from "urql";
import { client } from "../graphQL/client";

const App = () => {
  return (
    <URQLProvider value={client}>
      {/* Children component go here */}
    </URQLProvider>
  );
};

export default App;

Run a query

The useQuery hook of urql can be used to fetch data from a defined query. Let us first implement a simple query in a separate file src/graphQL/queries/profile.ts

import { gql } from "urql";

export const GET_PROFILE_QUERY = gql`
  query Profile {
    me {
      id
      username
      createdAt
    }
  }
`;

We can now use this query to fetch defined field values with the useQuery hook in a component and call this component in our app component.

import { useQuery } from "urql";
import { GET_PROFILE_QUERY } from "graphQL/queries/auth";
import { TextLoader } from "ui/components/CustomLoaders";
import ErrorMessage from "ui/components/ErrorMessage";

const Profile = () => {
  // useQuery hook
  const [result, reexecuteQuery] = useQuery({
    query: GET_PROFILE_QUERY,
  });
  const { data, fetching, error } = result;

  // Handle data fetching state with loader component
  if (fetching) return <TextLoader />;
  // Show error in the ui
  if (error) return <ErrorMessage />;

  // Show the received data
  return (
    <div>
      <span>{data.me.username}</span>
      <span>{data.me.createdAt}</span>
    </div>
  );
};

export default Profile;

Here, we have implemented a simple query to fetch data with graphQL.
The fetching state indicates when data is still being fetched and error contains data fetching error from API or any GraphQLError and data returns the data received from the query call.
The useQuery hook returns a tuple and also accepts parameters or variables.

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