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dillan teagle
dillan teagle

Posted on • Originally published at teaglebuilt.github.io

with & without lambda in python

A quick understanding of using functional methods like map, filter, & sorted with and without lambda functions. A great example of how lambda functions work in python.

use the filter function to remove items from a list

without lambda


def filterFunc(x):
    if x % 2 == 0:
        return False
    return True


nums = (1, 8, 4, 5, 12, 26, 381, 58, 47)
odds = list(filter(filterFunc, nums))
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[1, 5, 381, 47]

with lambda

mylist = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

odds = list(filter((lambda x: x % 2 != 0), mylist))
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[1, 5, 381, 47]

remove uppercase from string

without lambda

def filterFunc2(x):
    if x == x.upper():
        return False
    return True

chars  = "aBcDeFghoiJk"

lower = list(filter(filterFunc2, chars))
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['a', 'c', 'e', 'g', 'h', 'o', 'i', 'k']

with lambda
lower = list(filter((lambda x: x == x.upper()), chars))
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['a', 'c', 'e', 'g', 'h', 'o', 'i', 'k']

return new list with index squared

without lambda

def squareFunc(x):
    return x ** 2

ints = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
squared = list(map(squareFunc, ints))
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[1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

with lambda

squared = list(map(lambda x: x ** 2, ints))
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[1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

use sorted and map to change numbers to grades


def toGrade(x):
    if x  >= 90:
        return "A"
    elif x >= 80:
        return "B"
    elif x >= 70:
        return "C"
    elif x >= 60:
        return "D"
    else:
        return "F"

grades = (81, 89, 94, 78, 61, 99, 74, 90)

order = sorted(grades)
final = list(map(toGrade, order))

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['D', 'C', 'C', 'B', 'B', 'A', 'A', 'A']

Challenge:

Is using a lambda function a good choice here? If so, how will you do it?

Latest comments (4)

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abremod profile image
David Nehme

Lambda expressions are great in spots. The most common use is when you need a short function to pass as an argument to another function. However, list comprehensions remove the need for a lambda in a call to map. In the first example

odds = list(filter(filterFunc, nums))

could be replaced with

[num for num in nums if num % 2]

You probably want to avoid lambda when the function is long (like in your toGrade example), when the function is likely to be used elsewhere in your code or if creating a named function helps with documenting your intentions. Using your first example, defining the function isEven, or isLower in the second would tilt the scales against using lambda.

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teaglebuilt profile image
dillan teagle

good point, the odds example is definitely overkill when a list comprehension is a possible solution. I think this also answers, the question of using lambda's for multi conditional solutions.

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3cor profile image
3cor

Thank you for a great quick write up!

I found a typo here.

...
use the filter function to remove items from a list
with lambda
...

Should be...
without lambda
right?

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teaglebuilt profile image
dillan teagle

thankyou