Apparently the binaries for older versions of node < 15.x do not natively compile on the M1 chip so you are going to need to use a Rosetta terminal to install it.
To open a rosetta shell, run this command in your terminal
arch -x86_64 zsh
Then you can freely install the version you were trying to
nvm install vXX
Credits:
nvm install node fails to install on macOS Big Sur M1 Chip - Github
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