Datatype:
Every value in Python has a datatype. The datatype is mainly the category of the data. There are basically 5 categories of datatypes; however, these categories have further classifications as well.
1.Numeric Type:
a) Integer (int): positive or negative whole numbers (without a fractional part). Example: 10,-3,10000
b) Floating point (float): Any real numbers with 'decimal' points or floating point representation.
Example: -3.14, 10.23
c) Complex Number: Combionation of real and imaginary number. Example: 2+3i [we don't use this that much]
2.Boolean Type(bool): Data with one of the two built-in values True or False. Often used in the comparison operations of logical statements.
Example:
x=10
y=15
print(y>x)
#output: True
3.Sequence Type: A sequence is an ordered collection of similar or different data types.
a)String(str): It is a sequence of ordered characters (alphabets-lower case, upper case, numeric values, special symbols). String is represented with quotation marks (single('), double(''), triple(' ' ', '' '''')).
For example:
using single quotes ('python'),
double quotes ("python") or
triple quotes ('''python''' or """python""")
b)List: It is an ordered collection of elements where the elements are separated with a comma (,)and enclosed within square brackets [].
The list can have elements with more than one datatypes.
For example:
i) list with only integers; x= [1, 2, 3] and
ii) a list with mixed data types; y= [110, "CSE110",12.4550, [], None]. Here, 110 is an integer, "CSE110" is a string, 12.4550 is a float, [] is a list, None is NoneType.
c)Tuple: It is an ordered collection of elements where the elements are separated with a comma (,) and enclosed within parenthesis().
Example: x= ("apple", "banana", Cherry")
List and Tuple are used to contain multiple values in a single variable.
Basic difference between List and Tuple: You can change the values of a list(mutable) but you can't do the same with tuple(immutable) [more about this in later series]
4) Mapping Type:
Dictionary: It's an unordered collection of data. It's written as key:value pair form.
Example:
cardict= {'brand' : 'Lamborghini' , 'model': 'Aventader', 'year'=2018}
#key #value
print (cardict['model'])
#Output:Avantader
5)Nonetype(None):It refers to a null value or no value at all. It's a special data type with a single value, None.
Type Function:
Type() function returns the type of argument(object) passed as a parameter. It's mainly used for debugging(Code correcting) purpose.
To know the type of a variable just write type(variable name)
text="Python is awesome"
print(type)
#output:<class 'str'>
Example:
type("Hello python") #output: str
type(2024) #output: int
type(3.14) #output: float
type(True) #output: bool
type(None) #output: NoneType
isinstance function:
The isinstance() function checks if an object belongs to a specified class or data type.
In the code:
isinstance(myfloat, float)
This checks if the variable myfloat is an instance of the float class. If it is, it returns True, otherwise False.
Similarly, for integers:
isinstance(myint, int)
This checks if the variable myint is an instance of the int class.
Top comments (1)
Hi everyone! I'm back with my second posts of my python basics tutorial series. This time I have talked about the various datatype of python. I hope it may help you guys to learn or brush up the basics. If you have any questions or suggestions, please let me know in the comments. Happy Learning!