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I don't use React often and so whenever I need to do even the smallest thing in React, I have to check out the documentation, a tutorial, or post a question on a forum.
That's why I decided to do this memory aid and given that my memory is not that good I thought why not make a monstrous memory aid with all the concepts I know about React.
So I can read it from time to time and thereby strengthen my knowledge of React.
If you have ideas or recommendation do not hesitate and do so in the comments section.
React Cheat Sheet
Create a React App
// Create a new app
npx create-react-app my-app-name
// Run the created app
cd my-app-name
yarn start
// http://localhost:3000
First React functional Component
- No need to import React from 'react' (since React 17)
- Must have uppercase first letter
- Must return JSX
(src/App.js)
// React component
function App(){
return <h1>Hello World</h1>
}
export default App;
How this component get render to the browser? The main project file is src/index.js and in that file there are instruction to render the component
ReactDOM.render(<App />, document.getElementById('root'))
The App component will then be rendered inside public/index.html 'root' div
Import Component
Component will be created in separate files. Each component need to be export and then import
function Greeting(){
return <h1>Hello World</h2>
}
export default Greeting
This component can then be import
import Greeting from './Gretting'
function App(){
return <Greeting />
}
or name export...
export function Greeting(){
return <h1>Hello World</h2>
}
This component can then be import
import {Greeting} from './Gretting'
BEM Naming Convention
return (
<div className="app">
<h1 className="app_title">Welcome to my application: {appTitle}</h1>
<div className="product">
<h1 className="product__name--large">Product name: {product.name}</h1>
<h1 className="product__name--small">Nick name: {product.nickName}</h1>
<p className="product__description">Product description: {product.description}
</div>
<div>
)
JSX Rules
Return a single element (only one parent element)
// not valid
return <h1>Hello world</h1><h2>Hi!</h2>
// valid with fragment.
return (
<>
<h1>Hello World</h1>
<h2>Hi!</h2>
</>
)
// Noted the parenthesis for multi-line formatting
Use className instead of class
Also all attribute name need to be camelCase
// not valid
return (
<div class="title">
Hello World
</div>
)
// valid
return (
<div className="title">
</div>
)
Close every element
return (
<img src="http:example.com/image.jpg" />
<input type="text" name="first_name" />
)
Nested Components
// Arrow function shorthand component
const Person = () => <h1>Mike Taylor</h1>
// Arrow function component
const Message = () => {
return <h1>Hello</h1>
}
// Function component
function HelloWorld(){
return (
<>
<Message />
<Person />
</>
)
}
Component CSS
(src/App.css)
h1 {
color: red;
}
(src/App.js)
Import the CSS file
import './App.css'
function App(){
return <h1>Hello World</h1>
}
Inline CSS
function App(){
return <h1 style={{ color: 'red' }}>Hello World</h1>
}
Javascript in JSX
- Enclose between {}
- Must be an expression (return a value)
function App(){
const name = 'Mike'
return (
<>
<h1>Hello {name}</h1>
<p>{name === 'Mike' ? '(admin)': '(user)'}</p>
</>
)
}
Component Properties (Props)
function App()
return <Person name='Mike' age={29} />
}
const Person = (props) => {
return <h1>Name: {props.name}, Age: {props.age}</h1>
}
// or props object deconstructing
const Person = ({name, age}) => {
return <h1>Name: {name} Age: {age}</h1>
}
Children Props (slot)
function App()
return (
<Person name='Mike' age={29}>
Hi, this is a welcome message
</Person>
)
}
const Person = (props) => {
return (
<h1>Name: {props.name}, Age: {props.age}</h1>
<p>{props.children}</p>
)
}
// or props object deconstructing
const Person = ({name, age, children}) => {
return (
<h1>Name: {name} Age: {age}</h1>
<p>{children}</p>
)
}
Default Props value
const Person = ({name, age, children}) => {
return (
<h1>Name: {name} Age: {age}</h1>
<p>{children}</p>
)
}
Person.defaultProps = {
name: 'No name',
age: 0,
}
List
const people = [
{id: 1, name: 'Mike', age: 29},
{id: 2, name: 'Peter', age: 24},
{id: 3, name: 'John', age: 39},
]
function App(){
return (
people.map(person => {
return <Person name={person.name} age={person.age}/>
})
)
}
const Person = (props) => {
return (
<h1>Name: {props.name}, Age: {props.age}</h1>
)
}
List with key (for React internal reference)
function App(){
return (
people.map(person => {
return <Person key={person.id} name={person.name} age={person.age}/>
})
)
}
Props object destructuring
function App(){
return people.map(person => <Person key={person.id} {...person} />)
}
const Person = ({name, age}) => {
return (
<h1>Name: {name}, Age: {age}</h1>
)
}
Click Event
const clickHandler = () => alert('Hello World')
function App(){
return (
<>
<h1>Welcome to my app</h1>
<button onClick={clickHandler}>Say Hi</button>
</>
)
}
or inline...
function App(){
return (
<>
<h1>Welcome to my app</h1>
<button onClick={ () => alert('Hello World') }>Say Hi</button>
</>
)
}
To pass arguments we need to use arrow function
const clickHandler = (message) => alert(message)
function App(){
return (
<>
<h1>Welcome to my app</h1>
<button onClick={() => clickHandler('Hello World')}>Say Hi</button>
</>
)
}
e for event arguments
const clickHandler = (e) => console.log(e.target)
function App(){
return (
<>
<h1>Welcome to my app</h1>
<button onClick={clickHandler}>Say Hi</button>
</>
)
}
Pass event from child to parent
function Todo({item, onDelete}) {
return (
<div>
{item}
<button onClick={() => onDelete(item)}
</div>
)
}
function Todos() {
const handleDelete = (todo) => {
const newTodos = todos.filter(item => item !== todo)
setTodos(() => newTodos)
}
return (
{todos.map(todo => (
<Todo item={todo} onDelete={handleDelete}/>
}
)
}
useState Hook
The purpose of useState is to handle reactive data. any data that changes in the application is called state. And when the state changes, you want react to update the UI.
- Hook always start with 'use' prefix
- Must be invoke only in a React component/function
- Must be call at top level of a functional component
- Declaration cannot be call conditionally
- useState return an array of 2: [state value, set state function]
import React, {useState} from 'react';
const DisplayTitle = () => {
const [title, setTitle] = useState('This is the Title')
const handleClick = () => setTitle('New Title')
return <>
<h2>{title}</h2>
<button type="button" className="btn" onClick={handleClick}>
Change Title
</button>
</>
};
export default DisplayTitle;
useState with object
const DisplayTitle = () => {
const [person, setPerson] = useState({name: 'Mike', age: 29})
const handleClick = () => setPerson({...person, age: 35})
return <>
<h2>{title}</h2>
<button type="button" className="btn" onClick={handleClick}>
Change Age
</button>
</>
};
setState functional form
function Counter() {
const [count, setCount] = useState(0)
// Use a function to set State
const increase = () => setCount(() => count + 1)
return (
<>
<h1>Counter</h1>
<p>{count}</p>
<button onClick={increase} className='btn'> + </button>
<button onClick={() => setCount(() => count - 1)} className='btn'> - </button>
</>
)
}
useEffect
In React you may want to execute code after lifecycle events or side effects.
By default useEffect function is execute after every re-render. You can then execute code everytime component update.
import React, { useEffect } from 'react';
function IncreaseValue() {
const [value, setValue] = useState(0)
useEffect(() => {
document.title = `New value: ${value}`
})
return <button onClick={() => setValue(value + 1)}>Increase</button>
}
Conditional useEffect
Conditional need to be place inside useEffect function
useEffect(() => {
if (value > 0) {
document.title = `New value: ${value}`
}
})
useEffect Dependency List
What if you want to execute code only on first render or only when a particular state change? You can use the useEffect function and send an array of dependencies as parameter.
useEffect will run only if state is in the Dependency List.
If the list is empty [] the useEffect will only run on initial render.
useEffect(() => {
document.title = `New value: ${value}`
}, [])
// Noted the empty array. useEffect will then only run once on initial render
useEffect(() => {
document.title = `New value: ${value}`
}, [value])
// Will run each time 'value' state change.
useEffect cleanup function
What if you want to execute code each time the component unmount?
To execute code only when a component is unmount/destroy you need to add a 'return' statement to your useEffect function.
useEffect(() => {
const timer = window.setInterval(() => {
setCount(count => count + 1)
}, 1000)
return () => clearInterval(timer)
}, [])
The code 'clearInterval(timer)' will only be execute before component is remove from UI (unmount)
Conditional Rendering
function DisplayGreeting() {
const [name, setName] = useState('Mike')
if (name === 'Mike') {
return <h1>Hello admin {name}</h1>
}
return <h1>Hello user {name}</h1>
}
Inline If-Else
return (
<div>
The user is <b>{isLoggedIn ? 'currently' : 'not'}</b> logged in.
</div>
);
}
Inline Logical && Operator.
Display only if first expression is truthy
truthy = Not : 0, "", null, undefined, and NaN
function DisplayUserInfo({active}) {
return (
<div>
{ active && <h1>User is active</h1>}
</div>
);
}
Multiple inline If
<span className={count === 0 && 'text-gray-500' || count > 0 && 'text-green-500' || count < 0 && 'text-red-500'}>{count}</span>
Form
const UserForm = () => {
const [userName, setUserName] = useState('')
const handleSubmit = (e) => {
e.preventDefault()
console.log(userName)
}
return (
<>
<form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
<input
value={userName}
onChange={(e) => setUserName(e.target.value)}
type="text" id="userName"
name="userName"
/>
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
</>
)
};
export default UserForm;
useRef
useRef is mostly use to target a DOM element. But it can also be use to keep/preserve a mutable value between each render. useRef does not trigger a re-render (like a useState).
const UseRefBasics = () => {
const refContainer = useRef(null)
const handleSubmit = (e) => {
e.preventDefault()
console.log(refContainer.current.value)
}
useEffect(() => {
refContainer.current.focus()
}, [])
return (
<div>
<form className="form" onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
<div>
<input ref={refContainer} type="text" />
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
)
};
Conclusion
That's it for today. We still have a lot to do, so see you tomorrow... If you want to be sure to miss nothing click follow me!
Follow me!: Follow @EricTheCoder_
Top comments (28)
I found small mistake in "e for event arguments":
This won't work because you pass string as an argument
There are two ways how to do it:
1.
2.
Ok thanks I made the correction
Thanks! Will use
Exactly
thanks--helpful post.
there's a typo: import {Greeting} from './Gretting'
This post was amazing actually it is hard to find all essenstial things of any particular technology at one place. You almost covered all topics that a beginner should know but I think u should have also added the routing topic.
Super in-depth post! I just launched a site bitcoinforecast.io and I developed it myself using React. Your post covers the strategies I used to built the app. "Props" off to you ;) pun intended.
I think, the word
deconstructingneeded to be changed asdestructuringYeah good catch. Thanks.
Thanks a lot that's very helpful!
There is one thing I don't understand in this part from 'setState functional form' though:
I don't understand why we'd use the functional update of setState without its count param:
setCount(() => count - 1).I would understand if we used the count param from setCount:
setCount((count) => count - 1), to make sure we use the lastcountvalueAm I missing something? :)
Your version is accurate. The point of using functional form is to ensure you get the most current state value and not the stale one (as in the original version).
Thank you for this post
You might also like: How to Master Python Fast and easy: A complete simple Tutorial based on the officiel documentation
Can you provide next parts please? If possible add link to this so we can access it easily.
Can you add Reducer and Context?
There is multiples examples without only one root element in a return.
Anyway thanks for this good sharing 👍