Use Git and Bash to Automate Your Developer Tooling

If you followed part one of this series you should now have a simple repo with your dotfiles and an install script you can run from any machine, even if you don't have Git installed locally. However this is fairly limited. When starting from zero on a new machine there's a plethora of tooling you'll typically want to install; things like Git, Yarn, npm, Homebrew, etc. Additionally you'll have to set up your Git authorship. Let's expand our simple install script so that it handles all of our tooling!

I've set up a sample repo here if you just want to get going.

1. Install Your Basic Package Managers

This script assumes you're using a Mac and that you've gone through the first part of the tutorial. Much like in part one of this tutorial where we added a list of files we want to take with us from system to system, we'll add a list of our preferred tooling we carry with us wherever we go. In this section we'll have our install script install Git, Homebrew, and npm.

First, let's write a function that will install Homebrew. We'll subsequently use it to install Git:

# /install
install_homebrew() {
  _process "→ Installing Homebrew"
  /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"

  _process "→ Running brew doctor"
  brew doctor
  [[ $? ]] \
  && _success "Installed Homebrew"
}

Here we define a function called install_homebrew which will install Homebrew from their repository in much the same way we're setting up our install script here. It will also run brew doctor to ensure everything is going smoothly (docs).

Alright, now let's write a simple function to install npm using Homebrew:

# /install
install_node() {
  if ! type -P 'npm' &> /dev/null; then
    _process "→ Installing node"

    curl https://www.npmjs.org/install.sh | sh

    [[ $? ]] \
    && _success "Installed npm"
  fi
}

Now we'll run both of these functions in our install function at the bottom of the file. The function should now look like this:

# /install
install() {
  download_dotfiles
  link_dotfiles
  install_homebrew
  install_node
}

2. Install Your Tooling

OK, we've got a great little script here that will link our dotfiles and install our package managers. At this point you've got a pretty great setup ready for you to use and install the tools you use every day. However we can also have this script do a lot of that for us for tools we use regardless of the system we're using. Now that we've got these package managers installed this should be straightforward.

Create another file in your /opt folder called homebrew. In here list out all Homebrew packages you wish to install in any given computer, like so:

# /opt/homebrew
eslint
fzf
ripgrep
git
n
yarn
vim

This is how things should look now:

/dotfiles
  /opt
    files
    homebrew

  /configs
    .gitconfig
    .gitignore
    .bash_profile
    .vimrc

Back in our install script we'll want to write a function that loops through each of these packages and installs them with Homebrew:

# /install
install_formulae() {
  if ! type -P 'brew' &> /dev/null; then
    _error "Homebrew not found"
  else
    _process "→ Installing Homebrew packages"

    # Set variable for list of homebrew formulaes
    brews="${DIR}/opt/homebrew"

    # Update and upgrade all packages
    _process "→ Updating and upgrading Homebrew packages"
    brew update
    brew upgrade

    # Tap some necessary formulae
    brew tap homebrew/cask-versions
    brew tap homebrew/cask-drivers
    brew tap vitorgalvao/tiny-scripts

    # Store IFS within a temp variable
    OIFS=$IFS

    # Set the separator to a carriage return & a new line break
    # read in passed-in file and store as an array
    IFS=$'\r\n' formulae=($(cat "${brews}"))

    # Loop through split list of formulae
    _process "→ Checking status of desired Homebrew formulae"
    for index in ${!formulae[*]}
    do
      # Test whether a Homebrew formula is already installed
      if ! brew list ${formulae[$index]} &> /dev/null; then
        brew install ${formulae[$index]}
      fi
    done

    # Reset IFS back
    IFS=$OIFS

    brew cleanup

    [[ $? ]] && _success "All Homebrew packages installed and updated"
  fi
}

This is pretty well documented, but let's recap. It will first ensure that Homebrew is installed on our system. It sets a variable for our ops/homebrew file with the packages we want. Further down we loop through each line in the file and installs those packages.

And now we'll call this function at the end of our install function:

# /install
install() {
  download_dotfiles
  link_dotfiles
  install_homebrew
  install_node
  install_formulae
}

Since we also have npm installed we could easily set up a file called opt/npm and list any packages available via npm there. We'd then just have to define a function similar to install_formulae, perhaps called install_npm_packages, and have similar logic.

3. Final Touches

We now have all of our tooling installed and ready to use! There's just one more thing we can add to make this truly plug-and-play. We'll want to make sure that Git is ready for use with our email and username. In case you forgot, you have to tell Git who you are in order to start making commits and pushing code! At the top of the install script let's add a couple of additional variables we'll need:

# /install
USER_GIT_AUTHOR_NAME: <your github user name>
USER_GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL: <your github email>

Let's add another helper function to show us a warning in the event that something goes wrong. Add this near the other helpers we added in part one.

_warning() {
  echo "$(date) WARNING:  $@" >> $LOG
  printf "$(tput setaf 3)⚠ Warning:$(tput sgr0) %s!\n" "$@"
}

Now let's write a function to automatically set your GitHub authorship:

# /install
setup_git_authorship() {
  GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=eval "git config user.name"
  GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=eval "git config user.email"

  if [[ ! -z "$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" ]]; then
    _process "→ Setting up Git author"

    read USER_GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
    if [[ ! -z "$USER_GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" ]]; then
      GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="${USER_GIT_AUTHOR_NAME}"
      $(git config --global user.name "$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME")
    else
      _warning "No Git user name has been set.  Please update manually"
    fi

    read USER_GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
    if [[ ! -z "$USER_GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" ]]; then
      GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="${USER_GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL}"
      $(git config --global user.email "$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL")
    else
      _warning "No Git user email has been set.  Please update manually"
    fi
  else
    _process "→ Git author already set, moving on..."
  fi
}

This is checking for a couple of things. First it checks to see if your global .gitconfig file already has the author name set. If it does there's nothing else to do here. If it isn't set it will use the username and email we defined at the top of the file. If you haven't set those either it gives you a warning that you'll need to add GitHub authorship on your own.

And of course we'll have to call this function after everything else is done:

# /install
install() {
  download_dotfiles
  link_dotfiles
  install_homebrew
  install_node
  install_formulae
  setup_git_authorship
}

That's it! I hope you found this useful. In the next article we'll explore creating an update script that will pull the latest changes to your dotfiles form GitHub, install any new packages, and source your .bash_profile.

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