Day 27 of 100

Today I learnt about the Tkinter module and what args and kwargs are. It has got me thinking about what sort of games I can make with it. Below are the notes, and the final project is at the very bottom.

Notes

notes.py
for learning about args and kwargs

# Multiple positional arguments
def add(*args):
    total = 0
    for n in args:
        total += n
    print(total)

add(3,56,78,9,78)

# Multiple keyword arguments
# Optional parameters

def calculate(n, **kwargs):
    print(kwargs)
    n += kwargs["add"]
    n -= kwargs["sub"]
    n *= kwargs["mul"]
    n /= kwargs["div"]

calculate(3, add = 5)

class Drawing:
    def __init__(self, **kw):
        self.colour = kw.get("colour")
        self.width = kw.get("width")
        self.height = kw.get("height")

tkinter_notes.py
self-explanatory

from tkinter import *

print("DOCUMENTATION - https://www.tcl-lang.org/man/tcl8.6/TkCmd/contents.htm")

window = Tk()
window.title("My first GUI Program")
window.minsize(400, 300)
window.config(padx = 10, pady = 10)

# Label
my_label = Label(text="This is a label.")
my_label.pack(side="left")

# Update properties of previous component (any of these 2 methods)
my_label["text"] = "New text."
my_label.config(text = "New text.")
my_label.config(padx = 15, pady = 15)

# Entry
input = Entry(width = 20)
input.pack(side = "right")

# Button
def button_clicked():
    answer = input.get()
    my_label.config(text = str(answer))

button = Button(text = "A button.", command = button_clicked)
button.pack()

window.mainloop()

# pack() is straightforward to use, you can leave it at default, left, right or bottom,
# but it is very hard to precisely position something
# with place() you can add the x= and y= parameters, but it is sometimes too specific, and
# you need to work out the position in your head
# so, with gird() you can specify the row = and column =
# however, this is relative to the other entities positions on the display
# you cannot mix grid() and pack() in the same program

Tkinter_Widgets.py
notes provided by the course

from tkinter import *

#Creating a new window and configurations
window = Tk()
window.title("Widget Examples")
window.minsize(width=500, height=500)

#Labels
label = Label(text="This is old text")
label.config(text="This is new text")
label.pack()

#Buttons
def action():
    print("Do something")

#calls action() when pressed
button = Button(text="Click Me", command=action)
button.pack()

#Entries
entry = Entry(width=30)
#Add some text to begin with
entry.insert(END, string="Some text to begin with.")
#Gets text in entry
print(entry.get())
entry.pack()

#Text
text = Text(height=5, width=30)
#Puts cursor in textbox.
text.focus()
#Adds some text to begin with.
text.insert(END, "Example of multi-line text entry.")
#Get's current value in textbox at line 1, character 0
print(text.get("1.0", END))
text.pack()

#Spinbox
def spinbox_used():
    #gets the current value in spinbox.
    print(spinbox.get())
spinbox = Spinbox(from_=0, to=10, width=5, command=spinbox_used)
spinbox.pack()

#Scale
#Called with current scale value.
def scale_used(value):
    print(value)
scale = Scale(from_=0, to=100, command=scale_used)
scale.pack()

#Checkbutton
def checkbutton_used():
    #Prints 1 if On button checked, otherwise 0.
    print(checked_state.get())
#variable to hold on to checked state, 0 is off, 1 is on.
checked_state = IntVar()
checkbutton = Checkbutton(text="Is On?", variable=checked_state, command=checkbutton_used)
checked_state.get()
checkbutton.pack()

#Radiobutton
def radio_used():
    print(radio_state.get())
#Variable to hold on to which radio button value is checked.
radio_state = IntVar()
radiobutton1 = Radiobutton(text="Option1", value=1, variable=radio_state, command=radio_used)
radiobutton2 = Radiobutton(text="Option2", value=2, variable=radio_state, command=radio_used)
radiobutton1.pack()
radiobutton2.pack()


#Listbox
def listbox_used(event):
    # Gets current selection from listbox
    print(listbox.get(listbox.curselection()))

listbox = Listbox(height=4)
fruits = ["Apple", "Pear", "Orange", "Banana"]
for item in fruits:
    listbox.insert(fruits.index(item), item)
listbox.bind("<<ListboxSelect>>", listbox_used)
listbox.pack()
window.mainloop()

Final Project (Miles to Kilometer Conversion)

from tkinter import *
window = Tk()
window.title("Miles to Kilometers")
window.minsize(300, 100)
window.config(padx = 5, pady = 5)

# TODO : define a function to convert miles to kilometers rounded to the nearest .1
def conversion(answer):
    kilometers = float(answer) * 1.60934
    kilometers = round(kilometers, 1)
    return kilometers

# TODO : define a function to get the user's input and display conversion
input = Entry(width = 20)
input.grid(row=0, column=0)

label = Label(text="Miles is equals to")
label.grid(row=0, column=1)

answer_label = Label(text="0")
answer_label.grid(row=1, column=0)

final_label= Label(text="Km")
final_label.grid(row=1, column=1)

def button_clicked():
    answer = input.get()
    answer_label.config(text = str(conversion(answer)))

button = Button(text = "Calculate", command = button_clicked)
button.grid(row=2, column=2)

window.mainloop()