ACID properties in SQL ensure reliable transactions in a database system. They stand for:
Atomicity: Each transaction is treated as a single unit that either completely succeeds or completely fails. If any part of the transaction fails, the entire transaction is rolled back, ensuring no partial updates.
Consistency: Transactions must transition the database from one valid state to another, maintaining data integrity. It ensures that any data written to the database must be valid according to all defined rules, including constraints, cascades, and triggers.
Isolation: Transactions occur independently without interference. The results of a transaction are not visible to other transactions until the transaction is complete, preventing concurrent transactions from affecting each other.
Durability: Once a transaction is committed, the changes are permanent, even in the case of a system failure. This ensures that committed data is saved to a non-volatile memory.
These properties help in maintaining the integrity and reliability of the database during operations.
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