John Crowson | ng-conf | Apr 2019
NgRx v7.0 included the released of a new @ngrx/store/testing
module that features a mock Store to be used in testing NgRx applications. The module was introduced in #1027 with some documentation following in #1591.
Note: You can use this API and functionality in NgRx v5 and v6 using the standalone pngrx-mockstore package.
Currently, the documentation is light and doesn’t include a complete working code sample. I’ll provide two examples that should help clear things up.
Existing: StoreModule
It has been possible to condition the NgRx store in a unit test by providing the StoreModule
in the testing module configuration. The StoreModule creates a store with the initial state defined in the store’s reducer. To condition the desired state for a given test case, you could have to dispatch several actions.
New: MockStore
The MockStore
class provides a simpler way to condition NgRx state in unit tests. You provide an initial default state, then update the state using setState(<nextState>)
.
Let’s see how MockStore can simplify an existing test suite:
Testing Auth Guard Example
The NgRx example-app contains an AuthGuard that provides us a simple example of using the MockStore:
// NgRx v7.3.0
@Injectable({
providedIn: 'root',
})
export class AuthGuard implements CanActivate {
constructor(private store: Store<fromAuth.State>) {}
canActivate(): Observable<boolean> {
return this.store.pipe(
select(fromAuth.getLoggedIn),
map(authed => {
if (!authed) {
this.store.dispatch(new AuthApiActions.LoginRedirect());
return false;
}
return true;
}),
take(1)
);
}
}
auth-guard.service.ts hosted by GitHub
The AuthGuard
selects getLoggedIn
from the store. If the latest getLoggedIn
is true, a LoginRedirect
action is dispatched and the function returns false. If the latest getLoggedIn is false, it returns true.
The existing AuthGuard test uses the StoreModule
, which requires the test to dispatch a LoginSuccess
action to condition the getLoggedIn
selector to return true:
// NgRx v7.3.0
describe('Auth Guard', () => {
let guard: AuthGuard;
let store: Store<any>;
beforeEach(() => {
TestBed.configureTestingModule({
imports: [
StoreModule.forRoot({
...fromRoot.reducers,
auth: combineReducers(fromAuth.reducers),
}),
],
});
store = TestBed.get(Store);
spyOn(store, 'dispatch').and.callThrough();
guard = TestBed.get(AuthGuard);
});
it('should return false if the user state is not logged in', () => {
const expected = cold('(a|)', { a: false });
expect(guard.canActivate()).toBeObservable(expected);
});
it('should return true if the user state is logged in', () => {
const user: any = {};
const action = new AuthApiActions.LoginSuccess({ user });
store.dispatch(action);
const expected = cold('(a|)', { a: true });
expect(guard.canActivate()).toBeObservable(expected);
});
});
auth-guard.service.spec.ts hosted by GitHub
Let’s refactor the same tests to condition the store’s state without actions using MockStore
:
// Future version of example-app using MockStore
import { provideMockStore, MockStore } from '@ngrx/store/testing';
describe('Auth Guard', () => {
let guard: AuthGuard;
let store: MockStore<fromAuth.State>;
const initialState = {
auth: {
loginPage: {} as fromLoginPage.State,
status: {
user: null,
},
},
} as fromAuth.State;
beforeEach(() => {
TestBed.configureTestingModule({
providers: [AuthGuard, provideMockStore({ initialState })],
});
store = TestBed.get(Store);
guard = TestBed.get(AuthGuard);
});
it('should return false if the user state is not logged in', () => {
const expected = cold('(a|)', { a: false });
expect(guard.canActivate()).toBeObservable(expected);
});
it('should return true if the user state is logged in', () => {
store.setState({
...initialState,
auth: {
loginPage: {} as fromLoginPage.State,
status: {
user: {
name: 'John',
},
},
},
});
const expected = cold('(a|)', { a: true });
expect(guard.canActivate()).toBeObservable(expected);
});
});
auth-guard.service.spec.ts hosted by GitHub
Here are the steps:
- Line 6: Declare a
MockStore
using the same type assertion that is used when declaring the Store in the AuthGuard (fromAuth.State
). - Line 7: Create an initial state conforming to the same state interface that was asserted on line 6. This will be the default state for all tests. Since
fromAuth.State
extends
fromRoot.State
and our tests only depend on the theuser
attribute, we can cast everything else. - Line 19: Provide the
MockStore
usingprovideMockStore
, passing in theinitialState
created in the previous step. - Line 22: Inject the
Store
inside the test. - Line 31: To condition a different state, use
setState
.
Testing Effect + withLatestFrom Example
I came across NgRx issue #414 which describes difficulty testing effects that incorporate state using the withLatestFrom
operator and the StoreModule
.
@Effect()
example$ = this.actions$.pipe(
ofType(ActionTypes.ExampleAction),
withLatestFrom(this.store.pipe(
select(fromExample.getShouldDispatchActionOne)
)),
map(([action, shouldDispatchActionOne]) => {
if (shouldDispatchActionOne) {
return new ActionOne();
} else {
return new ActionTwo();
}
})
);
The effect’s injected state couldn’t be changed after TestBed.get(<effect>)
had been called, making it difficult to test different values selected by getShouldDispatchActionOne
in the above snippet. The three common workarounds were:
- Use Jasmine’s
SpyOn
to mock the return value ofstate.select(…)
:spyOn(store, 'select').and.returnValue(of(initialState))
. However,select
is now an RxJs operator. ❌ - Move
TestBed.get(<effect>)
frombeforeEach
into each individual test after the state is conditioned appropriately. 😐 - Provide a mockStore (hey, don’t we have one of those now?). 😀
Let’s see how we can test effects that use withLatestFrom
using the MockStore:
Let’s add a new effect, addBookSuccess$
, to the NgRx example-app’s BookEffects
. When a new book is successfully added, we’ll select the books the user now has in their collection the store, then display an alert with a different message depending on the quantity:
@Injectable()
export class BookEffects {
@Effect({ dispatch: false })
addBookSuccess$ = this.actions$.pipe(
ofType(CollectionApiActionTypes.AddBookSuccess),
withLatestFrom(this.store.select(fromBooks.getCollectionBookIds)),
tap(([action, bookCollection]) => {
if (bookCollection.length === 1) {
window.alert('Congrats on adding your first book!')
} else {
window.alert('You have added book number ' + bookCollection.length);
}
})
);
// search$ effect deleted for simplicity
constructor(
private actions$: Actions<FindBookPageActions.FindBookPageActionsUnion>,
// ...
private store: Store<fromBooks.State>
) {}
}
book.effects.ts hosted by GitHub
We can use the MockStore
to condition the state, allowing us to test each of the two cases:
import * as fromBooks from '@example-app/books/reducers';
import * as fromSearch from '@example-app/books/reducers/search.reducer';
import * as fromChildBooks from '@example-app/books/reducers/books.reducer';
// Omitting autoimports
describe('BookEffects', () => {
let effects: BookEffects;
let actions$: Observable<any>;
let store: MockStore<fromBooks.State>;
const initialState = {
books: {
search: {} as fromSearch.State,
books: {} as fromChildBooks.State,
collection: {
loaded: true,
loading: false,
ids: ['1']
}
}
} as fromBooks.State;
beforeEach(() => {
TestBed.configureTestingModule({
providers: [
BookEffects,
{
provide: GoogleBooksService,
useValue: { searchBooks: jest.fn() },
},
provideMockActions(() => actions$),
provideMockStore({ initialState }),
],
});
effects = TestBed.get(BookEffects);
actions$ = TestBed.get(Actions);
store = TestBed.get(Store);
spyOn(window, 'alert');
});
describe('addBookSuccess$', () => {
it('should print congratulatory message when adding '
+ 'the first book', (done: any) => {
const action = new AddBookSuccess(generateMockBook());
actions$ = of(action);
effects.addBookSuccess$.subscribe(() => {
expect(window.alert)
.toHaveBeenCalledWith(
'Congrats on adding your first book!'
);
done();
});
});
it('should print number of books after adding '
+ 'the first book', (done: any) => {
store.setState({
...initialState,
books: {
search: {} as fromSearch.State,
books: {} as fromChildBooks.State,
collection: {
loaded: true,
loading: false,
ids: ['1', '2']
}
}
});
const action = new AddBookSuccess(generateMockBook());
actions$ = of(action);
effects.addBookSuccess$.subscribe(() => {
expect(window.alert)
.toHaveBeenCalledWith(
'You have added book number 2'
);
done();
});
});
});
});
book.effects.spec.ts hosted by GitHub
Here are the steps, similar to those in the AuthGuard
Example:
- Line 9: Declare a
MockStore
using the same type assertion that is used when declaring the Store in the BookEffects (fromBooks.State
). - Line 10: Create an initial state conforming to the same state interface that was asserted on line 9. This will be the default state for all tests. Since
fromBooks.State
extends
fromRoot.State
and our tests only depend on the the ids attribute, we can cast everything else. - Line 32: Provide the
MockStore
usingprovideMockStore
, passing in theinitialState
created in the previous step. - Line 38: Inject the
Store
inside the test. - Line 59: To condition a different state, use
setState
.
Thanks for reading! You can follow me on Twitter @john_crowson :)
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