tl;dr: specify the --user root
argument:
docker exec --interactive \
--tty \
--user root \
--workdir / \
container-name bash
There are good reasons why running in a container as root is not a good idea, and that’s why many images published nowadays avoid doing this. Confluent Platform’s Docker images changed to using appuser
with the 6.0 release.
Checking the container user
You can check what user your container is running with:
$ docker exec --interactive --tty kafka bash
[appuser@b59043522a44 ~]$ whoami
appuser
or more directly:
$ docker exec --interactive --tty kafka whoami
appuser
Changing the container user
Using the --user root
argument when launching the Docker exec command you can override the container’s user:
$ docker exec --interactive --tty --user root kafka bash
[root@b59043522a44 appuser]# whoami
root
or
$ docker exec --interactive --tty --user root kafka whoami
root
What, no sudo
?
Imagine this nightmare scenario 🙀 :
$ docker exec --interactive --tty kafka bash
[appuser@b59043522a44 ~]$ yum install jq
Error: This command has to be run under the root user.
[appuser@b59043522a44 ~]$ sudo yum install jq
bash: sudo: command not found
[appuser@b59043522a44 ~]$
Now, installing into Docker containers is not The Right Way - you should amend the Docker image to install what’s needed before invocation as a container. BUT sometimes needs must. Whether a quick hack, or just a PoC that you want to get running - sometimes you do want to install into a container, and that can be more difficult without root.
You can use the same approach as above (--user root
):
$ docker exec --interactive --tty --user root kafka bash
[root@b59043522a44 appuser]# yum install -y jq
Confluent repository 13 kB/s | 29 kB 00:02
Red Hat Universal Base Image 8 (RPMs) - BaseOS 978 kB/s | 772 kB 00:00
Red Hat Universal Base Image 8 (RPMs) - AppStream 1.8 MB/s | 4.9 MB 00:02
Red Hat Universal Base Image 8 (RPMs) - CodeReady Builder 40 kB/s | 13 kB 00:00
zulu-openjdk - Azul Systems Inc., Zulu packages 95 kB/s | 123 kB 00:01
[…]
]
Installed:
jq-1.5-12.el8.x86_64 oniguruma-6.8.2-2.el8.x86_64
Complete!
Logging in as root
on Oracle’s Database Docker Image
Using Oracle’s Docker database image I wanted to install some additional apps, without modifying the Dockerfile
.
Connect to the container:
$ docker exec --interactive --tty docker-compose_oracle_1_479e7fa05ab5 bash
No sudo:
[oracle@a37d6e99353b ~]$ sudo whoami
bash: sudo: command not found
Googled, found the the --user
flag for Docker, tried that:
$ docker exec --interactive --tty --user root docker-compose_oracle_1_479e7fa05ab5 bash
OCI runtime exec failed: exec failed: container_linux.go:348: starting container process caused "chdir to cwd (\"/home/oracle\") set in config.json failed: permission denied": unknown
Evidently, the Docker image tries to change directory to the Oracle home folder which Docker’s not happy doing as another user (even though it’s root
?).
Googled some more, found the --workdir
flag to override the WORKDIR
setting of the Dockerfile from which the image is built:
$ docker exec --interactive --tty --user root --workdir / docker-compose_oracle_1_479e7fa05ab5 bash
bash-4.2# whoami
root
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