Here are three of the most common DeFi smart contract vulnerabilities, along with specific detection methods and examples.
1. Reentrancy Attacks
Description:
Reentrancy occurs when a smart contract calls an external contract and then updates its own state after the external call. If the external contract is malicious, it can re-enter the original contract before the state update is complete, potentially draining funds multiple times.
Classic Example:
A user calls withdraw(), which sends ETH to them before updating their balance. The attacker’s fallback function calls withdraw() again before the first transaction completes, allowing them to withdraw more than they are owed.
How to Detect:
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Code Pattern Analysis: Look for state changes (e.g.,
balances[msg.sender] -= amount) that occur after external calls (e.g.,msg.sender.call{value: amount}("")).- ✅ **Safe Pattern (Checks-Effects-Inter
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