Here are three common DeFi smart contract vulnerabilities, along with specific methods to detect them. These vulnerabilities are frequently exploited in real-world incidents and are well-documented in security research.
1. Reentrancy Vulnerability
Description
Reentrancy occurs when a smart contract makes an external call to another contract before completing its internal state updates. If the external contract is malicious, it can re-enter the calling function before the state is fully updated, leading to repeated withdrawals or state inconsistencies.
Example Scenario
A withdraw() function sends ETH to a user before decrementing the user’s balance. A malicious contract can call withdraw() again from the fallback function before the balance is updated, draining the contract.
Detection Methods
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Static Analysis Tools:
- Use tools like Slither (by Trail of Bits) to scan for reentrancy patterns. Slither flags functions that
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