Here are three specific DeFi smart contract vulnerabilities, described in the format typically found in a professional security audit report. Each includes the vulnerability name, description, impact, and a code snippet illustrating the flaw.
1. Reentrancy via Non-Atomic State Updates (CEC-01)
Description:
The withdraw() function allows users to claim their shares from the pool. However, the external call to the user’s wallet (msg.sender.transfer(ethAmount)) is executed before the user’s balance is updated in the smart contract’s storage. This violates the "Checks-Effects-Interactions" (CEI) pattern. If the user is a malicious contract, it can re-enter the withdraw() function before the state change is persisted, allowing them to withdraw more funds than they are entitled to.
Code Snippet (Vulnerable):
solidity
mapping(address => uint256) public userBalances
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