- What will be scraped
- Full Code
- Preparation
- Code Explanation
- Using Google Product Page API from SerpApi
- Links
What will be scraped
Full Code
If you don't need explanation, have a look at full code example in the online IDE.
import requests, json
from parsel import Selector
def get_product_page_results(url, params, headers):
html = requests.get(url, params=params, headers=headers)
selector = Selector(html.text)
title = selector.css('.sh-t__title::text').get()
prices = [price.css('::text').get() for price in selector.css('.MLYgAb .g9WBQb')]
low_price = selector.css('.KaGvqb .qYlANb::text').get()
high_price = selector.css('.xyYTQb .qYlANb::text').get()
shown_price = selector.css('.FYiaub').xpath('normalize-space()').get()
reviews = int(selector.css('.YVQvvd .HiT7Id span::text').get()[1:-1].replace(',', ''))
rating = float(selector.css('.uYNZm::text').get())
extensions = [extension.css('::text').get() for extension in selector.css('.OA4wid')]
description = selector.css('.sh-ds__trunc-txt::text').get()
media = [image.css('::attr(src)').get() for image in selector.css('.sh-div__image')]
highlights = [highlight.css('::text').get() for highlight in selector.css('.KgL16d span')]
data = {
'title': title,
'prices': prices,
'typical_prices': {
'low': low_price,
'high': high_price,
'shown_price': shown_price
},
'reviews': reviews,
'rating': rating,
'extensions': extensions,
'description': description,
'media': media,
'highlights': highlights
}
return data
def main():
# https://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/user/quickstart/#passing-parameters-in-urls
params = {
'product_id': '16230039729797264158', # product id
'hl': 'en', # language
'gl': 'us' # country of the search, US -> USA
}
# https://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/user/quickstart/#custom-headers
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
}
URL = f'https://www.google.com/shopping/product/{params["product_id"]}?hl={params["hl"]}&gl={params["gl"]}'
product_page_results = get_product_page_results(URL, params, headers)
print(json.dumps(product_page_results, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False))
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Preparation
Install libraries:
pip install requests parsel
Reduce the chance of being blocked
Make sure you're using request headers user-agent
to act as a "real" user visit. Because default requests
user-agent
is python-requests
and websites understand that it's most likely a script that sends a request. Check what's your user-agent
.
There's a how to reduce the chance of being blocked while web scraping blog post that can get you familiar with basic and more advanced approaches.
Code Explanation
Import libraries:
import requests, json
from parsel import Selector
Library | Purpose |
---|---|
requests |
to make a request to the website. |
json |
to convert extracted data to a JSON object. |
Selector |
XML/HTML parser that have full XPath and CSS selectors support. |
At the beginning of the main()
function, parameters and headers are defined for generating the URL
. If you want to pass other parameters or headers to the URL, you can do so using the params
and headers
dictionaries:
def main():
# https://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/user/quickstart/#passing-parameters-in-urls
params = {
'product_id': '16230039729797264158', # product id
'hl': 'en', # language
'gl': 'us' # country of the search, US -> USA
}
# https://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/user/quickstart/#custom-headers
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
}
URL = f'https://www.google.com/shopping/product/{params["product_id"]}?hl={params["hl"]}&gl={params["gl"]}'
Next, the URL
, params
and headers
is passed to the get_product_page_results(URL, params, headers)
function to get all data. The product_page_results
dictionary holds the retrieved data that this function returns. At the end of the function, the data is printed out in JSON format:
product_page_results = get_product_page_results(URL, params, headers)
print(json.dumps(product_page_results, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False))
This code uses the generally accepted rule of using the __name__ == "__main__"
construct:
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
This check will only be performed if the user has run this file. If the user imports this file into another, then the check will not work. You can watch the video Python Tutorial: if name == 'main' for more details.
Let's take a look at the get_product_page_results(url, params, headers)
function mentioned earlier.
This function takes url
, params
and headers
parameters to create a request. Now we need to parse the HTML from the Parsel
package, into which we pass the HTML
structure that was received after the request. This is necessary for successful data extraction:
def get_product_page_results(url, params, headers):
html = requests.get(url, params=params, headers=headers)
selector = Selector(html.text)
Data like title
, low_price
, high_price
and description
are pretty easy to retrieve. You need to find the selector and get the value:
title = selector.css('.sh-t__title::text').get()
low_price = selector.css('.KaGvqb .qYlANb::text').get()
high_price = selector.css('.xyYTQb .qYlANb::text').get()
description = selector.css('.sh-ds__trunc-txt::text').get()
Code | Explanation |
---|---|
css() |
to access elements by the passed selector. |
::text or ::attr(<attribute>) |
to extract textual or attribute data from the node. |
get() |
to actually extract the textual data. |
Extracting show_price
differs from the previous ones in that you need to extract the text not only from this selector, but also from those nested in it:
shown_price = selector.css('.FYiaub').xpath('normalize-space()').get()
Data such as reviews
and rating
must be converted to the numeric data type. I want to draw your attention to the fact that reviews
is retrieved in this format: (63,413)
. To convert to a number, you need to remove the brackets and the comma:
reviews = int(selector.css('.YVQvvd .HiT7Id span::text').get()[1:-1].replace(',', ''))
rating = float(selector.css('.uYNZm::text').get())
The prices
, extensions
, media
and highlights
lists contain multiple elements in their selector, so they are extracted using list comprehensions:
prices = [price.css('::text').get() for price in selector.css('.MLYgAb .g9WBQb')]
extensions = [extension.css('::text').get() for extension in selector.css('.OA4wid')]
media = [image.css('::attr(src)').get() for image in selector.css('.sh-div__image')]
highlights = [highlight.css('::text').get() for highlight in selector.css('.KgL16d span')]
After extracting all the data, the data
dictionary is formed:
data = {
'title': title,
'prices': prices,
'typical_prices': {
'low': low_price,
'high': high_price,
'shown_price': shown_price
},
'reviews': reviews,
'rating': rating,
'extensions': extensions,
'description': description,
'media': media,
'highlights': highlights
}
At the end of the function, the data
dictionary is returned.
return data
Output:
{
"title": "Sony PlayStation 5 - Standard",
"prices": [
"$499.00",
"$700.00",
"$729.00"
],
"typical_prices": {
"low": "$499.00",
"high": "$719.75",
"shown_price": "$499.00 at EvQ"
},
"reviews": 63413,
"rating": 4.7,
"extensions": [
"Blu-ray Compatible",
"4K Capable",
"Backward Compatible",
"Standard Edition",
"With Motion Control",
"Bluetooth",
"Wi-Fi"
],
"description": "Experience lightning-fast loading with an ultra-high-speed SSD, deeper immersion with support for haptic feedback, adaptive triggers and 3D audio, and a next generation of incredible PlayStation games.",
"media": [
"https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/shopping?q=tbn:ANd9GcSbKnqqdMH6hYKh8mzk9kje2m3KI-bRktHWihZ_LYAHQF0BNIXyfzjjusW0XMVpuUk13pFiHLVztP7Rk7GDgxBUnC6hFY84sQ&usqp=CAY",
"https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/shopping?q=tbn:ANd9GcTa0aWvl4ZCffiyfM3sBvdYLk1K8SkMIo6ZkmN3ASkW7GPgVmB_XMOFCBgmW-AMOspQ9KFLJjKN9uPZbj0ScCVOizsmX8Fegg&usqp=CAY",
"https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/shopping?q=tbn:ANd9GcRJRtfshsdgf4JJGzS-QzvYXjzOy4NKV-y_0yQn-W6n109ziyqOzTvDcX-YXNmr3rPu4cHKpo7OVV2fkDzodE7LK6Pxh63l&usqp=CAY",
"https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/shopping?q=tbn:ANd9GcS6lCLgdUU42DbmP2Y8o5MPMHF_j1LFpMvdBHNTPLIfBOn8bnpC-xPBYl14wDMiPK7lQ1YL_BEeOm5vqVmfJpBLnOomYoXy&usqp=CAY"
],
"highlights": [
"Integrated I/O: Marvel at incredible graphics and experience new PS5 features.",
"Ultra-high speed SSD: Maximize your play sessions with near-instant load times for installed PS5 games.",
"HDR technology: With an HDR TV, supported PS5 games display an unbelievably vibrant and lifelike range of colors.",
"8K output: PS5 consoles support an 8K output, so you can play games on your 4320p resolution display.",
"4K TV gaming: Play your favorite PS5 games on your stunning 4K TV. Up to 120 fps with 120Hz output"
]
}
Using Google Product Page API from SerpApi
This section is to show the comparison between the DIY solution and our solution.
The main difference is that it's a quicker approach. Google Product Page API will bypass blocks from search engines and you don't have to create the parser from scratch and maintain it.
First, we need to install google-search-results
:
pip install google-search-results
Import the necessary libraries for work:
from serpapi import GoogleSearch
import os, json
Next, we write a search query and the necessary parameters for making a request:
params = {
# https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#os.getenv
'api_key': os.getenv('API_KEY'), # your serpapi api
'engine': 'google_product', # SerpApi search engine
'product_id': '16230039729797264158', # product id
'hl': 'en', # language
'gl': 'us' # country of the search, US -> USA
}
We then create a search
object where the data is retrieved from the SerpApi backend. In the results
dictionary we get data from JSON:
search = GoogleSearch(params) # where data extraction happens on the SerpApi backend
results = search.get_dict() # JSON -> Python dict
The data is retrieved quite simply, we just need to turn to the 'product_results'
key.
product_results = results['product_results']
Example code to integrate:
from serpapi import GoogleSearch
import os, json
params = {
# https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#os.getenv
'api_key': os.getenv('API_KEY'), # your serpapi api
'engine': 'google_product', # SerpApi search engine
'product_id': '16230039729797264158', # product id
'hl': 'en', # language
'gl': 'us' # country of the search, US -> USA
}
search = GoogleSearch(params) # where data extraction happens on the SerpApi backend
results = search.get_dict() # JSON -> Python dict
product_results = results['product_results']
print(json.dumps(product_results, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False))
Output:
{
"product_id": 16230039729797264158,
"title": "Sony PlayStation 5 - Standard",
"prices": [
"$499.99",
"$499.00",
"$700.00"
],
"conditions": [
"New",
"New",
"New"
],
"typical_prices": {
"low": "$499.00",
"high": "$719.75",
"shown_price": "$499.99 at Gamestop"
},
"reviews": 63413,
"rating": 4.7,
"extensions": [
"Blu-ray Compatible",
"4K Capable",
"Backward Compatible",
"Standard Edition",
"With Motion Control",
"Bluetooth",
"Wi-Fi"
],
"description": "Experience lightning-fast loading with an ultra-high-speed SSD, deeper immersion with support for haptic feedback, adaptive triggers and 3D audio, and a next generation of incredible PlayStation games.",
"media": [
{
"type": "image",
"link": "https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/shopping?q=tbn:ANd9GcRoN7Gg6r9ZxPZGkfTEbukowBuBvalGRrJG44Dwnw8_PAmLUNjt&usqp=CAY"
},
{
"type": "image",
"link": "https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/shopping?q=tbn:ANd9GcQOuj8omxssTbuSixiKmldKmSOCllkb1jLSqYHbThqgR3l78gjS&usqp=CAY"
},
{
"type": "image",
"link": "https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/shopping?q=tbn:ANd9GcQmw7DOYYmm5nQSQoEhAaE78a5IyNW3tHoCE1VRI2cxTHn9QGg&usqp=CAY"
},
{
"type": "image",
"link": "https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/shopping?q=tbn:ANd9GcRsejj3qFlCeXGkvHMG7yGdM6gR_AbzoT_fWZUcYrhS3QKxpHI&usqp=CAY"
}
],
"highlights": [
"Integrated I/O: Marvel at incredible graphics and experience new PS5 features.",
"Ultra-high speed SSD: Maximize your play sessions with near-instant load times for installed PS5 games.",
"HDR technology: With an HDR TV, supported PS5 games display an unbelievably vibrant and lifelike range of colors.",
"8K output: PS5 consoles support an 8K output, so you can play games on your 4320p resolution display.",
"4K TV gaming: Play your favorite PS5 games on your stunning 4K TV. Up to 120 fps with 120Hz output"
]
}
Links
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