Text Processing in Linux

shun · 2023-08-12T08:12:20Z

Searching within Text grep : Search for a pattern within files. -i : Ignore case. -r or -R : Recursively search in directories. -v : Invert the search (return lines that don't match). $ grep "search_term" file.txt This line contains the search_term. ```bash $ grep -i "Search_Term" file.txt This line contains the search_term. ``` Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Filtering and Transforming Text awk : A versatile programming language for working on files. $ echo -e "a 1 \n b 2 \n c 3" | awk '{print $2}' 1 2 3 Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode sed : Stream editor for filtering and transforming text. $ echo "Hello World" | sed 's/World/Universe/' Hello Universe Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Sorting and Counting sort : Sort lines in text files. -r : Reverse the result of comparisons (descending). -n : Compare according to string numerical value. $ echo -e "banana \n apple \n cherry" | sort apple banana cherry uniq : Report or omit repeated lines. -c : Prefix lines by the number of occurrences. $ echo -e "a \n a \n b \n b \n b \n c" | uniq -c 2 a 3 b 1 c wc : Count words, lines, and characters in files. - -l : Count lines. - -w : Count words. - -c : Count bytes. ```bash $ echo "Hello World" | wc -w 2 ``` Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Text Display cat : Concatenate and display the content of files. $ cat file.txt This is the content of file.txt. Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode tac : Display files in reverse. $ echo -e "line1 \n line2 \n line3" | tac line3 line2 line1 Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode nl : Number lines of files. $ echo -e "line1 \n line2 \n line3" | nl 1 line1 2 line2 3 line3 Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode head : Display the beginning of a file. -n : Specify the number of lines to show. $ echo -e "line1 \n line2 \n line3" | head -n 2 line1 line2 tail : Display the end of a file. -n : Specify the number of lines to show. -f : Follow the content of a file in real-time. $ echo -e "line1 \n line2 \n line3" | tail -n 2 line2 line3

#linux

Searching within Text

grep: Search for a pattern within files.
- -i: Ignore case.
- -r or -R: Recursively search in directories.
- -v: Invert the search (return lines that don't match).
```
$ grep "search_term" file.txt
This line contains the search_term.
```

```bash
$ grep -i "Search_Term" file.txt
This line contains the search_term.
```

Filtering and Transforming Text

awk: A versatile programming language for working on files.

  $ echo -e "a 1\nb 2\nc 3" | awk '{print $2}'
  1
  2
  3

sed: Stream editor for filtering and transforming text.

  $ echo "Hello World" | sed 's/World/Universe/'
  Hello Universe

Sorting and Counting

sort: Sort lines in text files.
- -r: Reverse the result of comparisons (descending).
- -n: Compare according to string numerical value.
```
$ echo -e "banana\napple\ncherry" | sort
apple
banana
cherry
```
uniq: Report or omit repeated lines.
- -c: Prefix lines by the number of occurrences.
```
$ echo -e "a\na\nb\nb\nb\nc" | uniq -c
  2 a
  3 b
  1 c
```

wc: Count words, lines, and characters in files.
- -l: Count lines.
- -w: Count words.
- -c: Count bytes.

  ```bash
  $ echo "Hello World" | wc -w
  2
  ```

Text Display

cat: Concatenate and display the content of files.

  $ cat file.txt
  This is the content of file.txt.

tac: Display files in reverse.

  $ echo -e "line1\nline2\nline3" | tac
  line3
  line2
  line1

nl: Number lines of files.

  $ echo -e "line1\nline2\nline3" | nl
  1  line1
  2  line2
  3  line3

head: Display the beginning of a file.
- -n: Specify the number of lines to show.
```
  $ echo -e "line1\nline2\nline3" | head -n 2
  line1
  line2
```
tail: Display the end of a file.
- -n: Specify the number of lines to show.
- -f: Follow the content of a file in real-time.
```
  $ echo -e "line1\nline2\nline3" | tail -n 2
  line2
  line3
```

Top comments (1)

Robina • Aug 12 '23

Amazing Work