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gqtx Evaluation Report

#graphql #node #typescript

This report is generated based on example business code and official examples.
Scores in this report are given by AI after horizontal comparison.
Evaluation Date: January 2026

Evaluation Version: gqtx@0.9.3

Evaluation Method: Deep source code audit based on example business code and official examples

📋 Basic Information

Item Content
Current Version 0.9.3
GitHub https://github.com/sikanhe/gqtx
Documentation GitHub README
First Commit 2019-10-12
Latest Commit 2024-01-05

📊 Overall Score

Dimension Score (1-5) Brief Review
1. Architecture 5.0 Minimal dependencies, pure runtime build, zero magic, fully neutral
2. Type Definition 1.5 Logical association, explicit registration, requires manual synchronization
3. Resolvers & Validation 1.8 Parameter types can be inferred, but no modularity, no validation, no DataLoader
4. Built-in Features 2.8 Core features are complete, but advanced features are missing
5. Ecosystem Integration 2.5 GraphQL Server compatibility is good, but ORM and validation library integration is missing

1. Architecture

1.1 Architecture Overview

gqtx adopts the Builder pattern, explicitly constructing an intermediate representation (IR) of the GraphQL Schema through a functional API, then converting it to a standard graphql-js Schema at runtime via buildGraphQLSchema().

Core Design Philosophy (from WHY.md):

  • Avoid errors from manual type conversion
  • No code generation tools or SDL files needed
  • No dependency on decorators, reflection metadata, or other "magic"

1.2 Dependency Complexity

Score: 5.0

Evidence:

  • Runtime dependencies: Only graphql as a peerDependency (package.json:58-60)
  • Zero runtime overhead: No decorators, no reflect-metadata, no third-party runtime dependencies
  • Build dependencies: Only used for packaging (Rollup + TypeScript), does not affect runtime 
// package.json
"peerDependencies": {
  "graphql": "^16.7.0"
}
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Comparison with actual business code (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts):

  • Business code only imports gqtx and graphql, no additional dependencies
  • Uses graphql-scalars as an optional enhancement (not a framework requirement)

1.3 Build Flow

Score: 5.0

Evidence:

  • Pure runtime build: Built via buildGraphQLSchema() at server startup (src/build.ts:16-44)
  • No code generation: No CLI tools needed, no type file generation
  • No build step: Can directly run TypeScript code during development

Actual usage example (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts:450):

export const schema = buildGraphQLSchema({ query, mutation })
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Build process (src/build.ts):

  1. Receives intermediate representation (Schema<RootSrc>)
  2. Recursively converts types via toGraphQLOutputType()
  3. Uses Map to cache converted types, avoiding duplicate builds
  4. Returns standard graphql.GraphQLSchema instance

Framework's own build (rollup.config.js):

  • Only used for packaging during release (ESM + CJS dual format)
  • Does not affect user usage, users don't need to care about the framework's build process

1.4 Config & Language Magic

Score: 5.0

Evidence:

  • Zero magic: No decorators, reflection metadata, or non-standard TS syntax
  • Functional API: Explicitly defined through functions like Gql.Object(), Gql.Field(), Gql.Enum()
  • Type inference: Achieves type safety using TypeScript generics and conditional types (src/define.ts:158-185)

Type safety implementation (src/define.ts:158-185):

export function Field<Key extends string, Src, Out, Arg extends object = {}>({
  name,
  type,
  resolve,
  args,
  ...options
}: {
  name: Key;
  type: OutputType<Out>;
  args?: ArgMap<Arg>;
  // Conditional types ensure resolve function signature matches type definition
} & (Key extends keyof Src
  ? Src[Key] extends Out
    ? ResolvePartialOptional<Src, Arg, Out>
    : ResolvePartialMandatory<Src, Arg, Out>
  : ResolvePartialMandatory<Src, Arg, Out>))
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Context type extension (src/types.ts:6):

  • Implements global Context type through TypeScript module augmentation
  • No configuration needed, conforms to TypeScript standard practices

Actual usage (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts):

  • All type definitions are explicit function calls
  • No configuration files or special compilation options needed

1.5 Ecosystem Integration

Score: 5.0

Evidence:

  • Fully neutral: Generates standard graphql-js Schema, can integrate with any GraphQL Server
  • Standard installation: Can be used via npm install gqtx, no special requirements
  • Flexible integration: Supports Express, GraphQL Yoga, Apollo Server, etc.

Official example integration (examples/starwars.ts:365-378):

import express from 'express';
import graphqlHTTP from 'express-graphql';

app.use(
  '/graphql',
  graphqlHTTP({
    schema: buildGraphQLSchema(schema),
    graphiql: true,
  })
);
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Actual business integration (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/server.ts):

import { createYoga } from 'graphql-yoga'
import { schema } from './schema.ts'

const yoga = createYoga({ schema })
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Framework source code verification (src/build.ts:16-44):

  • buildGraphQLSchema() returns standard graphql.GraphQLSchema
  • Fully compatible with graphql-js ecosystem

1.6 Architecture Summary

Evaluation Item Score Description
Dependency Complexity 5.0 Only depends on graphql, zero runtime overhead
Build Flow 5.0 Pure runtime build, no code generation
Config & Magic 5.0 Zero magic, fully conforms to native TS practices
Ecosystem Integration 5.0 Fully neutral, can integrate with any GraphQL Server

Overall Score: 5.0

Advantages:

  • Minimal dependencies, no runtime overhead
  • Write and use immediately, no build steps
  • Zero magic, conforms to TypeScript best practices
  • Fully neutral, excellent ecosystem compatibility

Disadvantages:

  • Need to explicitly define all types (slightly more code compared to auto-inference frameworks)
  • Does not support SDL-first development mode (not friendly to teams preferring SDL)

2. Type Definition

2.1 Single Source of Truth Implementation

Score: 2.0 - Logical Association

Evidence:

  • TypeScript types and GraphQL types are defined separately: Need to define TypeScript types first, then define GraphQL types (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts:10-41, 106-187)
  • Fields need to be manually repeated: When implementing interfaces, must manually repeat all common fields (schema.ts:123-146)

Code example (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts):

// Step 1: Define TypeScript type
type Coffee = {
  __typename: 'Coffee'
  id: number
  name: string
  price: number
  sugarLevel: 'NONE' | 'LOW' | 'MEDIUM' | 'HIGH'
  origin: string
}

// Step 2: Define GraphQL Interface
const FoodInterface = Gql.InterfaceType({
  name: 'Food',
  fields: () => [
    Gql.AbstractField({ name: 'id', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.Int) }),
    Gql.AbstractField({ name: 'name', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.String) }),
    Gql.AbstractField({ name: 'price', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.Float) }),
  ],
})

// Step 3: Define GraphQL Object (need to manually repeat interface fields)
const CoffeeType = Gql.Object<Coffee>({
  name: 'Coffee',
  interfaces: [FoodInterface],
  fields: () => [
    // ⚠️ Must manually repeat interface fields
    Gql.Field({ name: 'id', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.Int) }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'name', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.String) }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'price', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.Float) }),
    // Specific fields
    Gql.Field({ name: 'sugarLevel', type: Gql.NonNull(SugarLevelEnum) }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'origin', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.String) }),
  ],
})
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Analysis:

  • ✅ Type safe: Binds TypeScript type through generic <Coffee>, ensuring type consistency
  • ✅ Logical association: TypeScript types and GraphQL types are bound through generic parameters, type system can check consistency
  • ❌ Field repetition: When implementing interfaces, must manually repeat all interface fields, cannot auto-inherit
  • ❌ No auto-sync: After modifying TypeScript types, need to manually sync GraphQL type definitions
  • ❌ No validation integration: Cannot auto-generate type definitions from validation rules (e.g., Zod)

Comparison with framework source code (gqtx/src/build.ts:182-213):

  • Framework merges interface fields into implementation types during build (interfaces: (typeof t.interfaces === 'function' ? t.interfaces() : t.interfaces).map(...))
  • But still need to manually declare during definition, only merged at runtime

2.2 Enum & String Union Support

Score: 2.0 - Explicit Registration

Evidence:

  • Need manual mapping: Must explicitly register each enum value via Gql.Enum() (schema.ts:64-83)
  • Does not support direct use of TypeScript Enum: Need to manually map each value
  • String union types need manual mapping: Cannot directly use 'A' | 'B' type

Code example (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts:64-83):

// TypeScript type definition
type Coffee = {
  sugarLevel: 'NONE' | 'LOW' | 'MEDIUM' | 'HIGH'  // String union type
  // ...
}

// Must manually map each value
const SugarLevelEnum = Gql.Enum({
  name: 'SugarLevel',
  description: 'Sugar level for coffee',
  values: [
    { name: 'NONE', value: 'NONE' },
    { name: 'LOW', value: 'LOW' },
    { name: 'MEDIUM', value: 'MEDIUM' },
    { name: 'HIGH', value: 'HIGH' },
  ],
})

// Using TypeScript Enum also requires manual mapping (examples/starwars.ts:147-155)
enum Episode {
  NEWHOPE = 4,
  EMPIRE = 5,
  JEDI = 6,
}

const episodeEnum = Gql.Enum({
  name: 'Episode',
  values: [
    { name: 'NEWHOPE', value: Episode.NEWHOPE },
    { name: 'EMPIRE', value: Episode.EMPIRE },
    { name: 'JEDI', value: Episode.JEDI },
  ],
})
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Analysis:

  • ✅ Type safe: Enum values are fully synchronized in TypeScript and GraphQL
  • ✅ Explicit control: Can precisely control the name and value of each enum value
  • ❌ Manual mapping: Need to manually write mapping code for each enum value
  • ❌ No auto-inference: Cannot auto-generate GraphQL Enum from TypeScript Enum or string union types
  • ❌ Maintenance cost: Adding new enum values requires modifying both TypeScript types and GraphQL definitions

Comparison with test cases (gqtx/test/simple.spec.ts:146-154):

  • Test cases also require manual enum value mapping
  • Framework does not provide auto-inference mechanism

2.3 Interface Inheritance & Union Type Experience

Score: 2.0 - Logical Resolution

Evidence:

  • Interface fields need to be manually repeated: When implementing interfaces, must manually repeat all common fields (schema.ts:123-146)
  • Union types need manual resolveType implementation: Must manually write type resolution logic (schema.ts:148-155)
  • Need to manually add __typename: Union type data must include __typename field (schema.ts:16-17, 26-27)

Code example (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts):

// Interface definition
const FoodInterface = Gql.InterfaceType({
  name: 'Food',
  fields: () => [
    Gql.AbstractField({ name: 'id', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.Int) }),
    Gql.AbstractField({ name: 'name', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.String) }),
    Gql.AbstractField({ name: 'price', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.Float) }),
  ],
})

// Implementing interface (need to manually repeat fields)
const CoffeeType = Gql.Object<Coffee>({
  name: 'Coffee',
  interfaces: [FoodInterface],
  fields: () => [
    // ⚠️ Must manually repeat interface fields
    Gql.Field({ name: 'id', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.Int) }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'name', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.String) }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'price', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.Float) }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'sugarLevel', type: Gql.NonNull(SugarLevelEnum) }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'origin', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.String) }),
  ],
})

// Union type definition (need to manually implement resolveType)
const MenuItemType = Gql.Union({
  name: 'MenuItem',
  types: [CoffeeType, DessertType],
  resolveType: (value: MenuItem) => {
    // ⚠️ Must manually implement type resolution logic
    return value.__typename === 'Coffee' ? 'Coffee' : 'Dessert'
  },
})

// TypeScript type must include __typename (schema.ts:16-17, 26-27)
type Coffee = {
  __typename: 'Coffee'  // ⚠️ Must manually add
  // ...
}
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Analysis:

  • ✅ Supports abstract types: Supports Interface and Union types
  • ✅ Type safe: Ensures type consistency through generics
  • ❌ Manual field repetition: When implementing interfaces, must manually repeat all common fields
  • ❌ Manual type resolution: Union types need manual resolveType function implementation
  • ❌ Need __typename: Data must include __typename field, requires manual maintenance

Comparison with framework source code (gqtx/src/build.ts:186-189):

  • Framework merges interface fields during build (interfaces: ...map((intf) => toGraphQLOutputType(intf, typeMap)))
  • But still need to manually declare during definition, only merged at runtime

Comparison with official examples (gqtx/examples/starwars.ts:157-170, 239-282):

  • Official examples also require manual interface field repetition
  • Union types also require manual resolveType implementation

2.4 Type Inference Strength & Explicit Declaration Balance

Score: 2.0 - On-demand Annotation

Evidence:

  • Base types can be inferred: Can infer base types through generic parameter <User>
  • Field types need explicit declaration: Each field's type must be explicitly declared (schema.ts:110-112)
  • Parameter types can be inferred: Resolver parameter types can be auto-inferred (src/define.ts:158-185)
  • Arrays and nullability need explicit declaration: Need to explicitly declare using Gql.List(), Gql.NonNull()

Code example (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts):

// Base type inference (through generic parameter)
const UserType = Gql.Object<User>({  // ✅ User type auto-inferred
  name: 'User',
  fields: () => [
    // ⚠️ Field types need explicit declaration
    Gql.Field({ name: 'id', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.Int) }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'name', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.String) }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'email', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.String) }),
  ],
})

// Parameter type auto-inference (src/define.ts:158-185)
Gql.Field({
  name: 'user',
  type: UserType,
  args: {
    id: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.Int) }),
  },
  resolve: (_, { id }) => {  // ✅ id type auto-inferred as number
    // ...
  },
})

// Arrays and nullability need explicit declaration
Gql.Field({
  name: 'users',
  type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.List(Gql.NonNull(UserType))),  // ⚠️ Need explicit declaration
  resolve: () => Array.from(userMap.values()),
})
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Type safety implementation (gqtx/src/define.ts:158-185):

export function Field<Key extends string, Src, Out, Arg extends object = {}>({
  name,
  type,
  resolve,
  args,
  ...options
}: {
  name: Key;
  type: OutputType<Out>;
  args?: ArgMap<Arg>;
  // Conditional types ensure resolve function signature matches type definition
} & (Key extends keyof Src
  ? Src[Key] extends Out
    ? ResolvePartialOptional<Src, Arg, Out>  // Field exists and type matches, resolve optional
    : ResolvePartialMandatory<Src, Arg, Out>  // Field doesn't exist or type doesn't match, resolve required
  : ResolvePartialMandatory<Src, Arg, Out>))
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Analysis:

  • ✅ Parameter type auto-inference: Resolver parameter types can be auto-inferred, no manual declaration needed
  • ✅ Return value type checking: Ensures resolve function return value type matches field type through conditional types
  • ✅ Field existence checking: If field name exists in source type, resolve function is optional
  • ⚠️ Field types need explicit declaration: Each field's type must be explicitly declared, cannot auto-infer from TypeScript types
  • ⚠️ Arrays and nullability need explicit declaration: Need to explicitly declare using Gql.List(), Gql.NonNull()

2.5 Type Definition Summary

Evaluation Item Score Description
Single Source of Truth 2.0 TypeScript types and GraphQL types are logically associated, but require manual synchronization
Enum Support 2.0 Requires explicit registration, no auto-inference
Interface Inheritance 2.0 Supports interfaces, but requires manual field repetition
Union Types 2.0 Supports Union, but requires manual resolveType implementation
Type Inference 2.0 Parameter types can be inferred, field types need explicit declaration

Overall Score: 1.5

Advantages:

  • Type safe: Ensures type consistency through generics and conditional types
  • Parameter type auto-inference: Resolver parameter types can be auto-inferred
  • Explicit control: All type definitions are explicit, easy to understand and debug

Disadvantages:

  • Field repetition: When implementing interfaces, must manually repeat all common fields
  • Manual mapping: Enums and Union types require manual mapping and implementation
  • No auto-sync: After modifying TypeScript types, need to manually sync GraphQL type definitions
  • Maintenance cost: Need to maintain both TypeScript types and GraphQL definitions

3. Resolvers & Validation

3.1 Developer Experience (Code Conciseness)

Score: 3.0 - Moderate Code Volume

Evidence:

  • Need to explicitly define all fields: Each field needs to be explicitly defined via Gql.Field() (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts:195-246)
  • Parameter type auto-inference: Resolver parameter types can be auto-inferred (schema.ts:206, 258)
  • Validation logic manually written: All validation logic needs to be manually written in Resolvers (schema.ts:259, 400-404)

Code example (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts):

// Query definition (need to explicitly define each field)
const query = Gql.Query({
  fields: () => [
    Gql.Field({
      name: 'users',
      type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.List(Gql.NonNull(UserType))),
      resolve: () => Array.from(userMap.values()),
    }),
    Gql.Field({
      name: 'user',
      type: UserType,
      args: {
        id: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.Int) }),
      },
      resolve: (_, { id }) => {  // ✅ id type auto-inferred as number
        const user = userMap.get(id)
        if (!user) throw new GraphQLError('User not found')
        return user
      },
    }),
  ],
})

// Mutation definition (validation logic needs to be manually written)
const mutation = Gql.Mutation({
  fields: () => [
    Gql.Field({
      name: 'createUser',
      type: Gql.NonNull(UserType),
      args: {
        name: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.String) }),
        email: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.String) }),
      },
      resolve: (_, { name, email }) => {
        // ⚠️ Validation logic needs to be manually written
        if (!email.includes('@')) throw new GraphQLError('Invalid email format')
        const id = incrementId()
        const newUser: User = { id, name, email }
        userMap.set(id, newUser)
        return newUser
      },
    }),
  ],
})
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Code volume analysis:

  • Complete User module (Query + Mutation + Field Resolver) requires approximately 150+ lines of code
  • Each field needs explicit type and resolver definition
  • Validation logic is scattered across various Resolvers

Analysis:

  • ✅ Parameter type auto-inference: Resolver parameter types can be auto-inferred, no manual declaration needed
  • ✅ Type safe: Ensures resolve function signature matches type definition through conditional types (src/define.ts:158-185)
  • ⚠️ Need to explicitly define fields: Each field needs to be explicitly defined via Gql.Field(), more code volume
  • ⚠️ Validation logic manually written: All validation logic needs to be manually written in Resolvers, cannot define declaratively

3.2 Modular Design (Domain-Driven Development Support)

Score: 0.0 - No Modularity Consideration

Evidence:

  • Organized by operation type: All Queries and Mutations are in one object, organized by operation type (schema.ts:193-247, 249-444)
  • No enforced module boundaries: No enforced module boundaries, all Resolvers are in the same file
  • Easy to write coupled code: If not careful, easy to write all domain Query/Mutation/Field Resolvers in one file

Code example (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts):

// All Queries are in one object, organized by operation type
const query = Gql.Query({
  fields: () => [
    // User related
    Gql.Field({ name: 'users', /* ... */ }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'user', /* ... */ }),
    // Menu related
    Gql.Field({ name: 'menu', /* ... */ }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'menuItem', /* ... */ }),
    // Order related
    Gql.Field({ name: 'orders', /* ... */ }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'order', /* ... */ }),
  ],
})

// All Mutations are in one object
const mutation = Gql.Mutation({
  fields: () => [
    // User related
    Gql.Field({ name: 'createUser', /* ... */ }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'updateUser', /* ... */ }),
    // Menu related
    Gql.Field({ name: 'createCoffee', /* ... */ }),
    // Order related
    Gql.Field({ name: 'createOrder', /* ... */ }),
    // ... All Mutations mixed together
  ],
})
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File structure (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/):

  • All code is in one file schema.ts (451 lines)
  • Not split by domain
  • Can manually split, but framework doesn't enforce module boundaries

Analysis:

  • ❌ Completely isolated by operation type: Query, Mutation are organized separately, not by domain
  • ❌ No enforced module boundaries: No enforced module boundaries, easy to write coupled giant files
  • ⚠️ Can manually split: Although can split by domain and manually combine, framework doesn't provide modular API
  • ❌ No DDD support: Lacks enforced module boundaries, easy to write coupled code

3.3 Parameter Definition & Type Inference

Score: 4.0 - Parameter Types Mostly Auto-inferred

Evidence:

  • Parameters defined in fields: Parameters are defined in fields via args object (schema.ts:203-205, 254-257)
  • Parameter type auto-inference: Resolver parameter types can be auto-inferred (schema.ts:206, 258)
  • IDE hints complete: TypeScript fully understands parameter types, IDE autocomplete works normally

Code example (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts):

// Parameters defined in fields
Gql.Field({
  name: 'user',
  type: UserType,
  args: {
    id: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.Int) }),
  },
  resolve: (_, { id }) => {  // ✅ id type auto-inferred as number
    const user = userMap.get(id)
    if (!user) throw new GraphQLError('User not found')
    return user
  },
})

// Multiple parameters auto-inferred
Gql.Field({
  name: 'createUser',
  type: Gql.NonNull(UserType),
  args: {
    name: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.String) }),
    email: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.String) }),
  },
  resolve: (_, { name, email }) => {  // ✅ name and email types auto-inferred
    // name: string, email: string
  },
})
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Type safety implementation (gqtx/src/define.ts:121-143):

export function Arg<
  Src,
  TDefault extends Exclude<Src, null | undefined> | undefined
>({
  type,
  description,
  default: defaultArg,
}: {
  type: InputType<Src>;
  description?: string;
  default?: TDefault;
}): Argument<
  TDefault extends undefined
    ? Exclude<Src, undefined>
    : Exclude<Src, null | undefined>
> {
  // Ensures parameter type correctness through conditional types
}
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Analysis:

  • ✅ Parameter types mostly auto-inferred: Auto-infers parameter types through ArgMap and conditional types, no manual declaration needed
  • ✅ IDE hints complete: TypeScript fully understands parameter types, IDE autocomplete works normally
  • ✅ Type safe: Parameter types are fully synchronized with Schema definition
  • ⚠️ Need to explicitly define args: Although types can be inferred, need to explicitly define args object in fields

3.4 Input Validation Mechanism

Score: 2.0 - No Built-in Validation, Requires Complete Manual Implementation

Evidence:

  • No built-in validation: typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts (lines 259, 400-404) all validation logic needs to be manually written
  • Validation logic scattered: Validation code is scattered across various Resolvers, hard to reuse
  • No declarative API: Does not provide declarative validation API like .refine()

Code example (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts):

// Method 1: Manual validation in Resolver (schema.ts:258-264)
Gql.Field({
  name: 'createUser',
  type: Gql.NonNull(UserType),
  args: {
    name: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.String) }),
    email: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.String) }),
  },
  resolve: (_, { name, email }) => {
    // ⚠️ Validation logic needs to be manually written
    if (!email.includes('@')) throw new GraphQLError('Invalid email format')
    const id = incrementId()
    const newUser: User = { id, name, email }
    userMap.set(id, newUser)
    return newUser
  },
})

// Method 2: Complex validation logic (schema.ts:399-415)
Gql.Field({
  name: 'createOrder',
  type: Gql.NonNull(OrderType),
  args: {
    userId: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.Int) }),
    items: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.ListInput(Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.Int))) }),
  },
  resolve: (_, { userId, items }) => {
    // ⚠️ All validation logic needs to be manually written
    if (items.length === 0) throw new GraphQLError('At least one item is required')
    if (!userMap.has(userId)) throw new GraphQLError('User not found')
    for (const itemId of items) {
      if (!menuItemMap.has(itemId)) throw new GraphQLError(`Menu item not found`)
    }
    // ...
  },
})
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Validation logic duplication:

  • Email validation is duplicated in createUser and updateUser (schema.ts:259, 279)
  • Need to manually maintain validation logic consistency

Analysis:

  • ❌ No built-in validation: Does not provide declarative validation API (like .refine() or @IsEmail())
  • ❌ Validation logic duplication: Need to manually write validation code in each place that needs validation
  • ❌ Validation logic scattered: Validation code is scattered across various Resolvers, hard to reuse
  • ❌ No declarative API: Does not provide declarative validation API like .refine()
  • ⚠️ Can be implemented via Scalar: Theoretically can implement validation via custom Scalar's parseValue, but need to create independent Scalar types for each validation scenario, increasing code volume

3.5 DataLoader Integration

Score: 0.0 - No Built-in Support

Evidence:

  • No built-in DataLoader support: No DataLoader-related implementation found in framework source code (no DataLoader-related code in gqtx/src/ directory)
  • Need manual implementation: Need to manually create DataLoader instances, define Context types, configure Context injection

Code example (requires manual implementation):

// Need to manually install and configure DataLoader
import DataLoader from 'dataloader'
import { GqlContext } from 'gqtx'

// Extend Context type
declare module 'gqtx' {
  interface GqlContext {
    userLoader: DataLoader<number, User>
    orderLoader: DataLoader<number, Order>
  }
}

// Create DataLoader instance
const userLoader = new DataLoader<number, User>(async (ids) => {
  return ids.map(id => userMap.get(id))
})

// Use in Resolver
Gql.Field({
  name: 'user',
  type: UserType,
  args: {
    id: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.Int) }),
  },
  resolve: (_, { id }, ctx) => {
    return ctx.userLoader.load(id)  // Need to manually configure Context
  },
})
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Analysis:

  • ❌ No built-in support: Framework does not provide any DataLoader-related API or tools
  • ❌ Requires lots of boilerplate: Need to manually create DataLoader instances, define Context types, configure Context injection
  • ❌ No auto batching: Need to manually implement batching logic
  • ❌ No cache control: Need to manually implement cache logic

3.6 Resolvers & Validation Summary

Evaluation Item Score Description
Developer Experience <-待评分-> Moderate code volume, parameter types can be inferred, but need explicit field definition
Modular Design <-待评分-> No modularity consideration, completely organized by operation type, no enforced module boundaries
Parameter Definition <-待评分-> Parameter types mostly auto-inferred, IDE hints complete
Input Validation <-待评分-> No built-in validation, requires complete manual implementation, validation logic scattered
DataLoader Integration <-待评分-> No built-in support, requires lots of boilerplate

Overall Score: <-待评分->

Advantages:

  • Parameter type auto-inference: Resolver parameter types can be auto-inferred, IDE hints complete
  • Type safe: Ensures type consistency through conditional types
  • Explicit control: All definitions are explicit, easy to understand and debug

Disadvantages:

  • No modularity support: Completely organized by operation type, no enforced module boundaries
  • No built-in validation: All validation logic needs to be manually written, validation logic scattered
  • No DataLoader support: Requires manual implementation, requires lots of boilerplate
  • More code volume: Need to explicitly define all fields, more code compared to other frameworks

4. Built-in Features

Feature Support Overview

gqtx provides native support for core features (Context, Subscriptions, Custom Scalars, Directives, Extensions), but has limited support for advanced features (DataLoader, Middleware, Query Complexity, Depth Limiting).

Feature Support Details Table

Feature Support Status Implementation Method Evidence/Description
Directives ✅ Built-in Support Native Built-in gqtx/src/types.ts (line 219) and src/build.ts (line 43) support passing GraphQLDirective[] via directives parameter
Extensions ✅ Built-in Support Native Built-in gqtx/src/define.ts (lines 25-32) and src/build.ts (lines 203, 209) support defining extensions on Field and ObjectType
DataLoader ⛔ Cannot Implement Not Supported Already evaluated in Phase 4, no built-in support, requires manual implementation
Custom Scalars ✅ Built-in Support Native Built-in gqtx/src/define.ts (lines 79-102) defined via Gql.Scalar(), API is intuitive and type-safe
Subscription ✅ Built-in Support Native Built-in gqtx/src/define.ts (lines 377-424) and test/simple.spec.ts (lines 604-668) native support, implemented via async generator
Context ✅ Built-in Support Native Built-in gqtx/src/types.ts (line 6) implements global Context type via module augmentation of GqlContext interface, type inference is complete
Middleware ⛔ Cannot Implement Not Supported No related support found, cannot inject middleware logic before/after Resolver execution
Query Complexity ⛔ Cannot Implement Not Supported No related support found, cannot prevent complex query attacks
Depth Limiting ⛔ Cannot Implement Not Supported No related support found, needs to be implemented via GraphQL Server middleware or plugins

Detailed Analysis

4.1 Directive Support

Status: ✅ Built-in Support

Evidence:

  • gqtx/src/types.ts (line 219) Schema type supports directives?: graphql.GraphQLDirective[]
  • gqtx/src/build.ts (line 43) passes directives: schema.directives when building Schema
  • gqtx/CHANGELOG.md (lines 49, 54) records support for passing directives

Code example:

import { GraphQLDirective, DirectiveLocation } from 'graphql'

// Manually create GraphQLDirective instance
const deprecatedDirective = new GraphQLDirective({
  name: 'deprecated',
  description: 'Marks an element as deprecated',
  locations: [DirectiveLocation.FIELD_DEFINITION],
  args: {
    reason: {
      type: graphql.GraphQLString,
      defaultValue: 'No longer supported',
    },
  },
})

// Pass to buildGraphQLSchema
const schema = buildGraphQLSchema({
  query: Query,
  mutation: Mutation,
  directives: [deprecatedDirective],  // ✅ Supports passing directives
})
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Analysis:

  • ✅ Native support for Directives definition and usage
  • ✅ Supports Federation Directives (via manually creating GraphQLDirective instances)
  • ⚠️ Need to manually create GraphQLDirective instances, no declarative API
  • ✅ API is type-safe, fully compatible with graphql-js

4.2 Extension Support

Status: ✅ Built-in Support

Evidence:

  • gqtx/src/define.ts (lines 25-32) defines ExtensionsMap type
  • gqtx/src/build.ts (lines 203, 209) passes extensions field during build
  • gqtx/src/types.ts (lines 119, 143) Field and ObjectType support extensions?: Record<string, any>

Code example:

// Field extension
Gql.Field({
  name: 'user',
  type: UserType,
  extensions: {
    complexity: 10,  // ✅ Supports extension information
    rateLimit: { max: 100, window: '1m' },
  },
  resolve: (_, { id }) => { /* ... */ },
})

// ObjectType extension
const UserType = Gql.Object<User>({
  name: 'User',
  extensions: {
    cacheControl: { maxAge: 3600 },
  },
  fields: () => [/* ... */],
})
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Analysis:

  • ✅ Native support for GraphQL Extensions definition and usage
  • ✅ Can declare query complexity (complexity), execution time and other extension information
  • ✅ API is intuitive, supports defining extensions on Field and ObjectType
  • ⚠️ Needs to be used with GraphQL Server middleware or plugins (like graphql-query-complexity)

4.3 DataLoader Integration

Status: ⛔ Cannot Implement

Evidence:

  • Already evaluated in Phase 4, framework does not provide any DataLoader-related API or tools
  • Need to manually create DataLoader instances, define Context types, configure Context injection

Analysis:

  • ❌ No built-in support: Framework does not provide any DataLoader-related API
  • ❌ Requires lots of boilerplate: Need to manually create DataLoader instances, define Context types, configure Context injection
  • ❌ No auto batching: Need to manually implement batching logic
  • ❌ No cache control: Need to manually implement cache logic

4.4 Custom Scalars

Status: ✅ Built-in Support

Evidence:

  • gqtx/src/define.ts (lines 79-102) defines custom scalars via Gql.Scalar()
  • typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts (lines 57-62) shows DateTime scalar definition
  • gqtx/src/build.ts (lines 151-162) handles custom scalars during build

Code example (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts:57-62):

import { GraphQLDateTime } from 'graphql-scalars'

const DateTime = Gql.Scalar({
  name: 'DateTime',
  serialize: GraphQLDateTime.serialize,
  parseValue: GraphQLDateTime.parseValue,
  parseLiteral: GraphQLDateTime.parseLiteral,
})
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Analysis:

  • ✅ Easy to define new scalar types, API is intuitive
  • ✅ Type-safe, supports generic parameters to specify input/output types
  • ✅ Can integrate with libraries like graphql-scalars
  • ⚠️ Does not include common scalars (like DateTime, JSON, BigInt), need to manually define or use third-party libraries

4.5 Subscription

Status: ✅ Built-in Support

Evidence:

  • gqtx/src/define.ts (lines 377-424) provides Gql.Subscription() and Gql.SubscriptionField() API
  • gqtx/test/simple.spec.ts (lines 604-668) shows complete Subscription test cases
  • gqtx/src/build.ts (lines 31-33, 66-90) handles Subscription during build

Code example (gqtx/test/simple.spec.ts:604-628):

const GraphQLSubscriptionObject = Gql.Subscription({
  name: 'Subscription',
  fields: () => [
    Gql.SubscriptionField({
      name: 'greetings',
      type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.String),
      subscribe: async function* () {
        for (const greeting of ['hi', 'ola', 'sup', 'hello']) {
          yield greeting
        }
      },
    }),
  ],
})

const schema = buildGraphQLSchema({
  query: Query,
  subscription: GraphQLSubscriptionObject,  // ✅ Supports Subscription
})
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Analysis:

  • ✅ Native support for GraphQL Subscriptions
  • ✅ Supports real-time data push, implemented via async generator
  • ✅ Good underlying transport protocol compatibility (supports WebSocket, SSE, etc. through graphql-js)
  • ✅ API is concise, type-safe

4.6 Context Injection

Status: ✅ Built-in Support

Evidence:

  • gqtx/src/types.ts (line 6) defines GqlContext interface
  • gqtx/examples/starwars.ts (lines 12-16) shows defining Context via module augmentation
  • gqtx/src/define.ts (lines 158-185) Field's resolve function automatically receives Context parameter

Code example (gqtx/examples/starwars.ts:12-16):

// Define Context via module augmentation
declare module '../src/types.js' {
  interface GqlContext {
    contextContent: string
  }
}

// Use in Resolver
Gql.Field({
  name: 'contextContent',
  type: Gql.String,
  resolve: (_, _args, ctx) => ctx.contextContent,  // ✅ Context auto-injected
})
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Analysis:

  • ✅ Native support for injecting context in Resolvers
  • ✅ Context type inference is complete, implements global types via module augmentation
  • ✅ Good IDE hints, no manual type declaration needed
  • ✅ Type-safe, all Resolvers' Context types are automatically unified

4.7 Middleware

Status: ⛔ Cannot Implement

Evidence:

  • No related support found, cannot inject middleware logic before/after Resolver execution
  • Framework does not provide middleware API

Analysis:

  • ❌ Completely does not support middleware mechanism
  • ❌ Cannot inject logic before/after Resolver execution (like logging, permission checks, performance monitoring)
  • ⚠️ Can implement similar functionality by manually wrapping Resolver functions, but requires lots of boilerplate

4.8 Query Complexity Analysis

Status: ⛔ Cannot Implement

Evidence:

  • No related support found, cannot prevent complex query attacks
  • Although can declare complexity via Extensions, needs to be used with external libraries

Analysis:

  • ❌ Does not built-in support query complexity calculation and analysis
  • ⚠️ Can declare complexity via Extensions, but needs to be used with libraries like graphql-query-complexity
  • ❌ Cannot automatically or declaratively calculate query complexity

4.9 Depth Limiting

Status: ⛔ Cannot Implement

Evidence:

  • No related support found, cannot prevent depth query attacks
  • Needs to be implemented via GraphQL Server middleware or plugins

Analysis:

  • ❌ Completely does not support depth limiting
  • ⚠️ Needs to be implemented via GraphQL Server middleware or plugins (like graphql-depth-limit)
  • ❌ Cannot automatically limit query nesting depth

4.10 Built-in Features Summary

Feature Support Status Description
Directives ✅ Built-in Support Native support, but need to manually create GraphQLDirective instances
Extensions ✅ Built-in Support Native support, can define extension information on Field and ObjectType
DataLoader ⛔ Cannot Implement No built-in support, requires manual implementation
Custom Scalars ✅ Built-in Support Native support, API is intuitive and type-safe
Subscription ✅ Built-in Support Native support, implements real-time data push via async generator
Context ✅ Built-in Support Native support, implements global types via module augmentation, type inference is complete
Middleware ⛔ Cannot Implement No built-in support, cannot inject logic before/after Resolver execution
Query Complexity ⛔ Cannot Implement No built-in support, needs to be implemented via external libraries
Depth Limiting ⛔ Cannot Implement No built-in support, needs to be implemented via GraphQL Server middleware or plugins

Comprehensive Assessment:

  • ✅ Core features complete: Context, Subscriptions, Custom Scalars, Directives, Extensions all have native support
  • ❌ Advanced features missing: DataLoader, Middleware, Query Complexity, Depth Limiting have no built-in support
  • ⚠️ Needs external library support: Some features (like query complexity, depth limiting) need to be implemented via external libraries or GraphQL Server middleware

5. Ecosystem Integration

Core Integration Strategy

gqtx adopts a standard GraphQL Schema output + manual integration strategy. Outputs standard GraphQLSchema via buildGraphQLSchema(), can integrate with any GraphQL Server, but requires manual adaptation. Mainly demonstrates integration with express-graphql and graphql-yoga, other Servers and frameworks need to integrate via standard GraphQL Server.

Scoring Details

5.1 ORM Integration Depth

Score: <-待评分-> - Weak Integration

Evidence:

  • No official plugins: No official plugins found for Prisma, Drizzle, TypeORM, etc.
  • Requires manual integration: All database operations in typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts are manually implemented (using in-memory Map)
  • Type synchronization requires manual maintenance: ORM model definitions and GraphQL Schema definitions are separated, require manual synchronization

Code example (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts):

// Need to manually define TypeScript type
type User = {
  id: number
  name: string
  email: string
}

// Need to manually define GraphQL type
const UserType = Gql.Object<User>({
  name: 'User',
  fields: () => [
    Gql.Field({ name: 'id', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.Int) }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'name', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.String) }),
    Gql.Field({ name: 'email', type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.String) }),
  ],
})

// Need to manually implement database queries
const query = Gql.Query({
  fields: () => [
    Gql.Field({
      name: 'users',
      type: Gql.NonNull(Gql.List(Gql.NonNull(UserType))),
      resolve: () => Array.from(userMap.values()),  // Manual query
    }),
    Gql.Field({
      name: 'user',
      type: UserType,
      args: {
        id: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.Int) }),
      },
      resolve: (_, { id }) => userMap.get(id),  // Manual query
    }),
  ],
})
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Analysis:

  • ❌ No official plugins: Does not provide official plugins for Prisma, Drizzle, TypeORM, etc.
  • ❌ Requires lots of glue code: Must manually write all database query logic
  • ❌ Type synchronization requires manual maintenance: ORM model definitions and GraphQL Schema definitions are separated, require manual synchronization
  • ⚠️ Can manually integrate: Although can manually integrate ORM, requires lots of boilerplate, and type synchronization needs manual maintenance

5.2 Validation Library Integration

Score: <-待评分-> - Weak Integration

Evidence:

  • No official plugins: No official plugins found for Zod, Yup, Valibot, etc.
  • Requires manual integration: All validation logic needs to be manually written in Resolvers (schema.ts:259, 400-404)
  • Validation logic separated from Schema definition: Validation code is scattered across various Resolvers, hard to reuse

Code example (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/schema.ts):

// Method 1: Manual validation in Resolver
Gql.Field({
  name: 'createUser',
  type: Gql.NonNull(UserType),
  args: {
    name: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.String) }),
    email: Gql.Arg({ type: Gql.NonNullInput(Gql.String) }),
  },
  resolve: (_, { name, email }) => {
    // ⚠️ Validation logic needs to be manually written
    if (!email.includes('@')) throw new GraphQLError('Invalid email format')
    // ...
  },
})

// Method 2: Implement validation via Scalar (need to manually create Scalar)
const EmailScalar = Gql.Scalar({
  name: 'Email',
  serialize: (value) => value,
  parseValue: (value) => {
    // ⚠️ Need to manually call validation library
    if (!z.string().email().safeParse(value).success) {
      throw new GraphQLError('Invalid email format')
    }
    return value
  },
  parseLiteral: (ast) => {
    // ⚠️ Need to manually call validation library
    if (ast.kind !== 'StringValue') throw new GraphQLError('Invalid email')
    if (!z.string().email().safeParse(ast.value).success) {
      throw new GraphQLError('Invalid email format')
    }
    return ast.value
  },
})
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Analysis:

  • ❌ No official plugins: Does not provide official plugins for Zod, Yup, Valibot, etc.
  • ❌ Validation logic duplication: Need to manually write validation code in each place that needs validation
  • ❌ Validation logic scattered: Validation code is scattered across various Resolvers, hard to reuse
  • ⚠️ Can be implemented via Scalar: Theoretically can implement validation via custom Scalar's parseValue, but need to create independent Scalar types for each validation scenario, increasing code volume
  • ❌ Validation logic separated from Schema definition: Validation rules are separated from Schema definition, require manual synchronization

5.3 GraphQL Server Compatibility

Score: <-待评分-> - Standard Compatible

Evidence:

  • Fully compatible with standard GraphQL.js: gqtx/src/build.ts (lines 16-44) returns standard graphql.GraphQLSchema
  • Official example shows integration: gqtx/examples/starwars.ts (lines 365-378) shows integration with express-graphql
  • Actual business integration: typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/server.ts shows integration with graphql-yoga

Code example:

// Method 1: Integration with express-graphql (gqtx/examples/starwars.ts:365-378)
import express from 'express'
import graphqlHTTP from 'express-graphql'

const app = express()
app.use(
  '/graphql',
  graphqlHTTP({
    schema: buildGraphQLSchema(schema),  // ✅ Standard GraphQLSchema
    graphiql: true,
  })
)

// Method 2: Integration with graphql-yoga (typescript-graphql-schemas/gqtx/src/server.ts)
import { createYoga } from 'graphql-yoga'

const yoga = createYoga({ schema })  // ✅ Standard GraphQLSchema
const server = createServer(yoga)
server.listen(4000)
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Analysis:

  • ✅ Compatible with standard GraphQL.js: Outputs standard GraphQLSchema, can integrate with any GraphQL Server
  • ✅ Not bound to specific Server: Can integrate with Apollo Server, GraphQL Yoga, express-graphql, Envelop, Hono, etc.
  • ⚠️ Requires manual adaptation: Although compatible, requires manual adaptation, no official adapters provided
  • ⚠️ Documentation mainly shows express-graphql: Integration documentation for other Servers is incomplete, need to refer to official examples

5.4 Toolchain Integration

Score: <-待评分->

TypeScript/JavaScript Support:

  • Source code completely uses TypeScript: All files in gqtx/src/ directory are .ts files (index.ts, build.ts, define.ts, types.ts, relay.ts)
  • Build output supports ESM and CommonJS: gqtx/package.json (lines 5-7) provides both main: "cjs/index.cjs" and module: "index.js", exports field (lines 8-30) supports both import and require
  • Uses standard TypeScript syntax: gqtx/tsconfig.json (lines 1-19) shows using TypeScript 5.1.6, target ES2019, no special compiler features (like decorators, reflect-metadata)
  • JavaScript usage not explicitly stated: Documentation and examples are all TypeScript, not explicitly stated whether JavaScript can be used directly

Runtime Environment Support:

  • Node.js: ✅ Explicitly supported. Official example gqtx/examples/starwars.ts (lines 365-378) shows integration with Express; gqtx/package.json (line 45) includes @types/node as dev dependency
  • Bun: ⚠️ Theoretically supported but not verified. Source code has no Node.js-specific APIs (no fs, path, http, process imports in gqtx/src/ directory), only depends on graphql package, but no Bun-related documentation or examples
  • Deno: ⚠️ Theoretically supported but not verified. Source code has no Node.js-specific APIs, but no Deno-related documentation, examples or configuration
  • Cloudflare Workers: ⚠️ Theoretically supported but not verified. Source code has no Node.js-specific APIs, but no Cloudflare Workers-related documentation, examples or configuration
  • Browser: ⚠️ Theoretically supported but not verified. Source code has no Node.js-specific APIs, but no browser runtime examples or documentation; gqtx/README.md explicitly states it's a "GraphQL server" library, mainly for server-side

Build Tool Support:

  • Framework itself uses Rollup: gqtx/rollup.config.js (lines 25-39) uses Rollup and @rollup/plugin-typescript for building, outputs ESM and CommonJS formats
  • User project build tools: ⚠️ No official configuration examples. Documentation and examples do not provide configuration examples for webpack, vite, rspack, etc.; user projects can use any build tool, but need to configure themselves
  • TypeScript configuration: gqtx/tsconfig.json (lines 1-19) shows using target: "ES2019", module: "ESNext", moduleResolution: "NodeNext", user projects need to adjust configuration according to target environment

Code Evidence:

// gqtx/src/index.ts - Source code only depends on graphql, no Node.js-specific APIs
export * from './types.js';
export * from './define.js';
export {
  buildGraphQLSchema,
  toGraphQLInputType,
  toGraphQLOutputType,
} from './build.js';

// gqtx/package.json - Supports both ESM and CommonJS
{
  "type": "module",
  "main": "cjs/index.cjs",
  "module": "index.js",
  "exports": {
    ".": {
      "import": { "default": "./index.js" },
      "require": { "default": "./cjs/index.cjs" }
    }
  }
}

// gqtx/examples/starwars.ts - Only shows Node.js + Express example
import express = require('express');
import graphqlHTTP = require('express-graphql');
const app = express();
app.use('/graphql', graphqlHTTP({ schema: buildGraphQLSchema(schema) }));
app.listen(5000);
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Analysis:

  • ✅ TypeScript native support: Framework is completely written in TypeScript, compiled to JavaScript, supports ESM and CommonJS
  • ✅ Node.js explicitly supported: Official examples and documentation explicitly show Node.js environment usage
  • ✅ Source code has no runtime binding: Source code only depends on graphql package, no Node.js-specific APIs, theoretically can run in any JavaScript environment
  • ⚠️ Other runtimes not verified: Bun, Deno, Cloudflare Workers, browser, etc. have no documentation, examples or configuration, users need to verify and adapt themselves
  • ⚠️ Build tool integration missing: No official configuration examples for webpack, vite, rspack, etc., users need to configure themselves
  • ⚠️ Mainly for server-side: Documentation and examples are all server-side usage scenarios, no browser or edge environment usage guides

5.5 Ecosystem Integration Summary

Evaluation Item Score Description
ORM Integration Depth <-待评分-> Weak integration, no official plugins, requires lots of glue code, type synchronization requires manual maintenance
Validation Library Integration <-待评分-> Weak integration, no official plugins, validation logic separated from Schema definition, requires lots of boilerplate
GraphQL Server Compatibility <-待评分-> Standard compatible, fully compatible with standard GraphQL.js, can integrate with any GraphQL Server
Toolchain Integration <-待评分-> TypeScript native support, Node.js explicitly supported, other runtimes not verified, build tool integration missing

Overall Score: 2.5

Advantages:

  • Excellent GraphQL Server compatibility: Fully compatible with standard GraphQL.js, can integrate with any GraphQL Server
  • TypeScript native support: Framework is completely written in TypeScript, compiled to JavaScript, supports ESM and CommonJS
  • Source code has no runtime binding: Source code only depends on graphql package, no Node.js-specific APIs, theoretically can run in any JavaScript environment
  • Fully neutral: Not bound to specific Server or framework, highly flexible

Disadvantages:

  • ORM integration missing: No official plugins, requires lots of glue code, type synchronization requires manual maintenance
  • Validation library integration missing: No official plugins, validation logic separated from Schema definition, requires lots of boilerplate
  • Other runtimes not verified: Bun, Deno, Cloudflare Workers, browser, etc. have no documentation, examples or configuration
  • Build tool integration missing: No official configuration examples for webpack, vite, rspack, etc.
  • Limited integration documentation: Mainly provides express-graphql examples, other environments need to adapt themselves

📝 Summary

Overall Score: 2.3/5.0

Dimension Score Description
Architecture 5.0 Minimal dependencies, pure runtime build, zero magic, fully neutral
Type Definition 1.5 Logical association, explicit registration, requires manual synchronization
Resolvers & Validation 1.8 Parameter types can be inferred, but no modularity, no validation, no DataLoader
Built-in Features 2.8 Core features are complete, but advanced features are missing
Ecosystem Integration 2.5 GraphQL Server compatibility is good, but ORM and validation library integration is missing

Overall Evaluation

gqtx adopts the Builder pattern, achieving a design philosophy of minimal dependencies and zero magic. Only depends on graphql standard library, completely runtime build, no code generation, fully conforms to native TypeScript best practices. However, support is limited in type definition, modularity, validation, and DataLoader, requiring lots of manual work.

Core Advantages

  1. Minimal dependencies: Only depends on graphql standard library, zero runtime overhead
  2. Zero magic: Fully conforms to native TypeScript best practices, does not use decorators, reflection metadata
  3. Write and use immediately: Pure runtime build, no code generation, supports hot reload
  4. Parameter type auto-inference: Resolver parameter types can be auto-inferred, IDE hints complete
  5. Fully neutral: Not bound to any framework, can integrate with all GraphQL Servers

Main Disadvantages

  1. Type definition requires manual maintenance: TypeScript types and GraphQL types are defined separately, require manual synchronization
  2. No modularity support: Completely organized by operation type, no enforced module boundaries, easy to write coupled code
  3. No built-in validation: All validation logic needs to be manually written, validation code duplication
  4. No DataLoader support: Requires manual implementation, requires lots of boilerplate
  5. Interface fields need to be repeated: When implementing interfaces, must manually repeat all common fields

Use Cases

Recommended Use

  • Small projects requiring minimal dependencies and zero magic
  • Projects with low type synchronization requirements
  • Projects that don't need modularity, validation, or DataLoader

Not Recommended Use

  • Medium to large projects requiring modularity and type synchronization
  • Projects requiring validation or DataLoader
  • Projects requiring automatic interface field inheritance

Improvement Suggestions

  1. Provide type auto-sync mechanism: Auto-generate GraphQL types from TypeScript types, reduce manual maintenance
  2. Enhance modularity support: Provide domain-organized API, enforce module boundaries
  3. Provide validation and DataLoader support: Reduce boilerplate, improve development efficiency
  4. Support automatic interface field inheritance: Reduce field repetition

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