Imagine this,
You open your laptop, type chaicode.com, and press Enter.
Within a second a page appears. Have you wondered how that page reached you?
It didn't just magically appear.
Behind the scenes, some networking devices worked together like a team.
Let's understand With a story
Internet starts from Outside your home
Think of the internet as a very big city full of information:
- Website
- Videos
- Apps
- Servers
Your home and office is just a small house in that city.
To bring network into your house, we need some helpers.
Modem -- The Internet Door of Your home
First understand, What is Modem?
A modem is the first device that connects your home to the internet.
Without a modem:
- No Internet
- No Website
- No YouTube
Let's understand with a example
Modem is like a main gate of your house
It allows the internet to enter your home.
Internet comes from your ISP(Internet service provider) -> Jio, Airtel etc..
The modem understand their signals and convert them into data your device can use.
No modem == No internet
Router - Who gets the internet?
Now the internet is inside your house.
But you have:
- Mobile
- Laptop
- Smart TV
Who decides which gets what data?
That's the router job
What is Router?
A router sends internet data to correct device.
Example: Router is like a traffic police
it sees:
- This data is for phone
- This is your laptop
And sends it correctly
- One internet connection
- Many devices
- Router manage everything
Hub vs Switch - Talking Inside the network
Inside an office or lab, many computer are connected together.
For this, we use hub and switch.
Let's we will take an example of the classroom.
Hub -Old Style (Not Smart)
A hub sends data to everyone.
Teacher shouts a message in the class
Even students who don't need to hear it.
Problem:
- slow
- wastes data
- Not secure
Switch -Smart Choice
A switch sends data only the correct computer.
Example:
Teacher gives a letter to one student, Only that student reads it.
Benefits:
- Fast
- Secure
- Used everywhere today
Modern network use switches, Not hubs
Firewall - The Security Guard
The internet is useful, but it is also dangerous.
Hackers, viruses, unwanted traffic all exists.
That's why we need a firewall.
First understand, What is Firewall?
A firewall checks every request coming in or going out.
See, Firewall is like a security guard at a gate
- Allowed person -> come in
- Unknown person -> Stop
Firewall protects:
- Computer
- Servers
- Database
Load Balancer -> Handling Too many users
Let's take a example of Flipkart: Flipkart announced 80% discount of every product, Now what will happen Thousand of the people visits their website to purchasing products at a same time.
One server will get tired
So what do we do?
Here the concepts of load balancer comes?
What is load balancer?
A Load Balancer shares traffic between many servers.
We see at Toll plaza on highway
- One gate -> traffic jam
- Multiple gats -> Smooth traffic
Load Balancer:
- Makes website fast
- Prevents server crash
- Used in big apps like Flipkart, Netflix
Short and precise meaning of all is:
- Internet comes from ISP
- Modem brings it inside
- Router sends it to right device
- Firewall checks security
- Load balancer manages heavy traffic
- Switch connects internal systems
- Data reaches server
- Response comes back to you
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