Here's a step-by-step guide for setting up Kubernetes on an EC2 instance

Setting Up Kubernetes on EC2
Step 1: Update System Packages
Before installing any software, update your package lists to ensure you're getting the latest versions.

bash
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

Step 2: Install Docker
Kubernetes runs containers, so you need to install Docker first.

1. Install Required Dependencies Run the following command:

bash
sudo apt install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common

1. Add Docker GPG Key and Repository Run these commands to add the Docker GPG key and repository:

bash
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg
echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

1. Install Docker Update the package list and install Docker:

bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

1. Start and Enable Docker Ensure Docker runs on system startup:

bash
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker

1. Verify Docker Installation Check the installed version of Docker:

bash
docker --version
Step 3: Install Kubernetes Components (kubectl, kubeadm, kubelet)

1. Add Kubernetes Signing Key Run this command to add the Kubernetes signing key:

bash
curl -fsSL https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/kubernetes-archive-keyring.gpg

1. Add Kubernetes Repository Add the Kubernetes repository to your system's APT sources list:

bash
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/kubernetes-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list

1. Install Kubernetes Components Update the package list and install kubelet, kubeadm, and kubectl:

bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

1. Prevent Automatic Updates (Optional) To avoid unintended upgrades that may disrupt your cluster, hold these packages at their current versions:

bash
sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl

1. Verify Installation Check the installed versions of Kubernetes components:

bash
kubeadm version
kubectl version --client

Step 4: Enable Docker for Kubernetes
Kubernetes requires Docker’s cgroup driver to be set correctly.

1. Check Current cgroup Driver Run this command to check the current cgroup driver:

bash
sudo docker info | grep -i cgroup

If it does not say "systemd", proceed to configure it.

1. Configure Docker to Use Systemd Create a configuration file for Docker:

bash
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json

🔹 step 9: Set Up Ingress for Better Traffic Routing
Instead of accessing our app via a NodePort, we’ll set up an Ingress Controller to handle traffic more efficiently.

🛠️ What is Ingress?
Ingress allows you to define routing rules for Kubernetes services.
It provides a stable URL (e.g., http://yourdomain.com).
It eliminates the need to use random NodePort numbers.
1️⃣ Install an Ingress Controller (NGINX)
Since we’re using AWS EC2, we’ll install the NGINX Ingress Controller.

Run:

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/main/deploy/static/provider/cloud/deploy.yaml
✅ This deploys the Ingress Controller.

Now, check if the pods are running:

kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
✅ Expected output:

NAME                                        READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
ingress-nginx-controller-xxxx               1/1     Running   0          1m

2️⃣ Create an Ingress Resource
Now, let's create an Ingress Rule to route traffic to our Nginx deployment.

1️⃣ Create a file:

nano nginx-ingress.yaml
2️⃣ Add the following configuration:

`yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress
  annotations:
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: /
spec:
  rules:
  - host: nginx.example.com  # Replace this with your domain or public IP
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: nginx
            port:
              number: 80`

3️⃣ Apply the configuration:

kubectl apply -f nginx-ingress.yaml
✅ This sets up an Ingress route to forward traffic to the Nginx service.

3️⃣ Test the Ingress
Find the external IP of the Ingress Controller:

kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
✅ Look for an entry like this:
pgsql

NAME                                 TYPE           CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP    PORT(S)
ingress-nginx-controller             LoadBalancer  10.96.XXX.XXX   XX.XX.XX.XX    80:XXXXX/TCP

🔹 The EXTERNAL-IP is what you'll use to access your app.

Now, test it:

curl -H "Host: nginx.example.com" http://XX.XX.XX.XX
✅ If successful, you'll see the Nginx welcome page.