Understanding TypeScript Utility Types: Pick and Omit

#programming #beginners #typescript #development

TypeScript provides several utility types to facilitate common type transformations.

These good features make it easy to manipulate types, either by selecting specific properties or removing unwanted ones from objects.

In this article, we'll demystify TypeScript's utility types, focusing on Pick and Omit. Whether you're new to TypeScript or a pro, understanding these concepts will improve your coding skills.

These utility types make it easy to work with just the data you need and simplify object manipulation in TypeScript.

Pick

Allows you to create a new type by selecting specific properties from an existing type.

interface User {
  id: number;
  username: string;
  email: string;
  isAdmin: boolean;
  createdAt: Date;
}

If, you want to create a new type that only contains the essential information for displaying a user's profile, like their username and email. You can use Pick to achieve this:

type UserProfil = Pick<User, "username" | "email">;

const user: UserProfil = {
  username: "Ibrahim Bagalwa",
  email: "ibrahim.bagalwa.dev@gmail.com",
};

UserProfil is a new type created using Pick, which includes only the username and email properties from the original User interface.

It allows you to work with a more concise representation of a user's profile without including unnecessary details.

Omit

Allows you to create a new type by taking all the properties from an existing type (Type) and then removing specific properties represented by Keys.

It's the opposite of the Pick utility type.

interface UserSettings {
    darkMode: boolean;
    notifications:boolean;
    showEmail: string;
    language: string;
}

If you want to create a new type that excludes sensitive settings, like the user's email visibility. You can use Omit to achieve this:

type PublicUserSettings = Omit<UserSettings, "showEmail">

const userSettings: PublicUserSettings = {
  darkMode: true,
  notifications: true,
  language: "en",
};

PublicUserSettings is a new type created using Omit, which includes all the properties from the original UserSettings interface except showEmail.

It allows you to create a type that represents only the public settings, hiding sensitive data from being exposed.

Pick allows you to choose certain properties from an object, while Omit lets you remove specific properties. Both are useful for working with precise data in TypeScript.