Pragmatic Maciej

Posted on Mar 8, 2020

Advanced TypeScript Exercises - Answer 6

#typescript #javascript

6.1 Naive version (lower difficulty)

type NaiveFlat<T extends any[]> = {
  [K in keyof T]: T[K] extends any[] ? T[K][number] : T[K]
}[number];

The solution of naive version is mapped type which traverse through type T given as argument. Important parts:

T[K] extends any[] - question if value type of property K is an array
T[K] extends any[] ? T[K][number] : T[K] - if T[K] is an array we get its value type by indexed type [number]. number is correct key of T[K] as T[K] was checked before for being an array, and array has number keys
[number] at the end has a purpose of getting all value types of produced type

6.2 Deep version (higher difficulty)

type DeepFlat<T extends any[]> = {
  [K in keyof T]: T[K] extends any[] ? DeepFlat<T[K]> : T[K]
}[number]

The solution of deep version is different only in one point, instead of T[K][number] we go further and call DeepFlat<T[K]> so its recursive type, it calls itself. Thanks to the recursive nature we traverse the object until value type is not an array what is visible in "else" part : T[K]

The full code with test suite can be found in The Playground

This series will continue. If you want to know about new exciting questions from advanced TypeScript please follow me on dev.to and twitter.

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Top comments (6)

Sergey Koloney • May 29 '22

Really liked this one, thanks!

Accidentally built DeepFlat, while trying to build a naive one lol

type DeepFlat<T extends any[]> =
  T extends [head: infer A, ...tail: infer B] ?
    (A extends any[] ? DeepFlat<A> : A) | DeepFlat<B> : never

Regev Brody • Mar 31 '21

Here is another solution that utilizes array desctructing:

type DeepFlat<T extends any[]> = 
  T extends [infer Head, ...infer Tail]
    ? Head extends any[]
      ? [...DeepFlat<Head>, ...DeepFlat<Tail>]
      : [Head, ...DeepFlat<Tail>]
    : T;
// test case
type Deep = [['a'], ['b', 'c'], [['d']], [[[['e']]]],'g'];
type DeepTestResult = DeepFlat<Deep>  
// should evaluate to "a" | "b" | "c" | "d" | "e" | 'g'

Johan • Mar 30 '20 • Edited

So I tried in TypeScript Playground and the following seems also a valid solution for the naive problem:

type NaiveFlat<T extends any[]> = T[number] extends any[] ? T[number][number] : T[number]

But this approach doesn't seem to work for DeepFlat

type DeepFlat<T extends any[]> = T[number] extends any[] ? DeepFlat<T[number]> : T[number]

It screems about that it circularly references itself. But doesn't it do that in your approach too? Why is it not an error in your case?

Pragmatic Maciej • Apr 1 '20

Hi, thanks for the comment.
In order to avoid this message we can make a trick, and the trick is to exactly use mapped type. Pay attention that I can take your code and put into mapped type and it doesn't complain anymore:

type DeepFlat<T extends any[]> = {
  [K in keyof T] : T[number] extends any[] ? DeepFlat<T[number]> : T[number]
}[0] // 0 means we now that it will be evaluated for the first item also fully

David Johnston • Apr 8 '20 • Edited

The bit that I'm confused about is this: [number].

You say:

[number] at the end has a purpose of getting all value types of produced type

How is this exactly working?

Edit: Had a lot more of a playaround in this post I'd care to hear your thoughts there.

alextsk • May 4 '20

my naive version was really naive

type NaiveFlat<T extends any[][]> = T[number][number]

in my defence, task said tuple of tuples)

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Advanced TypeScript Exercises - Answer 6

6.1 Naive version (lower difficulty)

6.2 Deep version (higher difficulty)

JavaScript UI Libraries for Surveys and Forms

Top comments (6)

JavaScript Form Builder UI Component

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