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Mykyta Smyrnov
Mykyta Smyrnov

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learning Rust by building Neural Networks from scratch. (Adaline) Part 1

Breaking out of the Web Sandbox

For years, PHP has been my "home" language. It's great for the web, it's reliable, and it pays the bills. But there's a catch: PHP was designed to live within the Request/Response cycle. PHP comes alive when you receive a request, processes it, and then "dies". It's a comfortable C-style language, but it can feel limiting when you want to experiment with systems that live outside the web server environment.

The Search for a "Desktop Home" Language

I wanted to find a language that could become my "desktop" tool. A language where I could control every byte and build complex systems without the constraints of a web server. Then I found Rust.

It promised to resolve one of the most painful experiences in my PHP career: memory management. Most web devs know exactly what I'm talking about. Imagine you're maintaining a legacy OOP monolith. There's a recursive function multiple layers deep, and somewhere in the middle, it's making database calls or triggering a 3rd-party library.

Suddenly, the process hits the memory_limit and dies silently. Finding the leak in a sea of implicit references and 'magic' objects is a nightmare. In PHP, you often don't care about memory until it’s already gone.

Instead of just memorizing syntax, I decided to learn Rust by implementing something that has always appealed to me: Neural Networks. Rust promised speed and memory efficiency, making it the perfect test for a new language involving complex math and matrix operations.


Step 1: The Adaline Experiment

My first milestone was implementing Adaline (Adaptive Filters from Widrow). It's a simple single-layer network, but it was my first real "clash" with Rust's ownership model.

I started with raw Vec<f64> to keep things simple. No math libraries, no shortcuts. Just me and the borrow checker.

What I learned in this phase:

  • Ownership is no joke: Passing training data around forced me to think about references and lifetimes in a way PHP never did.
  • Explicit over Implicit: In PHP, you often don't care about memory. In Rust, you have to keep in mind exactly where your data is at every single step.

This isn't just about AI; it's about the journey of changing your engineering mindset.


What's next?

Next, I will be implementing a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) for the MNIST dataset.

Feel free to connect with me on LinkedIn to follow my progress!

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