Submit a Form to a Google Spreadsheet

Lately, I created an HTML form where the results are sent to a Google spreadsheet. I used it for analytics purposes, but it's useful even just for keeping track of the form's results. After trying all kinds of solutions and even searching beyond the 2nd page on Google, I found something that worked for me and I thought worth sharing.

Prerequisites: HTML and basic JavaScript knowledge.

The credit for this solution goes to Jamie Wilson who created and uploaded it to Github.

First, Create the Spreadsheet

1. Go to Google Sheets and Start a new spreadsheet with the Blank template. Disclaimer: It doesn't really matter how you name the file.
2. On the first row, write timestamp on the first column and email on the second column.

Create a Google Apps Script

1. Click on Tools > Script Editor… which should open a new tab.
2. Name the script Submit Form to Google Sheets or however you want for you to remember what the script does.
3. Delete the function myFunction() {} block withing the Code.gs tab.
4. Paste the following script in its place and File > Save:

var sheetName = 'Sheet1'
var scriptProp = PropertiesService.getScriptProperties()

function intialSetup () {
  var activeSpreadsheet = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet()
  scriptProp.setProperty('key', activeSpreadsheet.getId())
}

function doPost (e) {
  var lock = LockService.getScriptLock()
  lock.tryLock(10000)

  try {
    var doc = SpreadsheetApp.openById(scriptProp.getProperty('key'))
    var sheet = doc.getSheetByName(sheetName)

    var headers = sheet.getRange(1, 1, 1, sheet.getLastColumn()).getValues()[0]
    var nextRow = sheet.getLastRow() + 1

    var newRow = headers.map(function(header) {
      return header === 'timestamp' ? new Date() : e.parameter[header]
    })

    sheet.getRange(nextRow, 1, 1, newRow.length).setValues([newRow])

    return ContentService
      .createTextOutput(JSON.stringify({ 'result': 'success', 'row': nextRow }))
      .setMimeType(ContentService.MimeType.JSON)
  }

  catch (e) {
    return ContentService
      .createTextOutput(JSON.stringify({ 'result': 'error', 'error': e }))
      .setMimeType(ContentService.MimeType.JSON)
  }

  finally {
    lock.releaseLock()
  }
}

If you want to better understand what this script is doing, check out the form-script-commented.js file in the repo for a detailed explanation.

Run the setup function

1. Now, go to Run > Run Function > initialSetup to run this function.
2. In the Authorization Required dialog, click on Review Permissions.
3. Sign in or pick the Google account associated with this project.
4. You should see a dialog that says Hi {Your Name}, Submit Form to Google Sheets wants to...
5. Then click Allow

Add a new project trigger

1. Click on Edit > Current project’s triggers.
2. In the dialog click No triggers set up. Click here to add one now.
3. In the dropdowns select doPost
4. Set the events fields to From spreadsheet and On form submit
5. Then click Save

Publish the project as a web app

1. Click on Publish > Deploy as web app….
2. Set Project Version to New and put initial version in the input field below.
3. Leave Execute the app as: set to Me([e-mail]).
4. For Who has access to the app: select Anyone, even anonymous.
5. Click Deploy.
6. In the popup, copy the Current web app URL from the dialog.
7. And click OK.

IMPORTANT! If you have a custom domain with Gmail, you might need to click OK, refresh the page, and then go to Publish > Deploy as web app… again to get the proper web app URL. It should look something like https://script.google.com/a/yourdomain.com/macros/s/XXXX….

Input your web app URL

Open the file named index.html. On line 7 replace <SCRIPT URL> with your script url:

<form name="submit-to-google-sheet">
  <input name="email" type="email" placeholder="Email" required>
  <button type="submit">Send</button>
</form>

<script>
  const scriptURL = '<SCRIPT URL>'
  const form = document.forms['submit-to-google-sheet']

  form.addEventListener('submit', e => {
    e.preventDefault()
    fetch(scriptURL, { method: 'POST', body: new FormData(form)})
      .then(response => console.log('Success!', response))
      .catch(error => console.error('Error!', error.message))
  })
</script>

As you can see, this script uses the Fetch API, a fairly new promise-based mechanism for making web requests. It makes a "POST" request to your script URL and uses FormData to pass in our data as URL parameters.

Adding additional form data

To capture additional data, you'll just need to create new columns with titles matching exactly the name values from your form inputs. For example, if you want to add first and last name inputs, you'd give them name values like so:

<form name="submit-to-google-sheet">
  <input name="email" type="email" placeholder="Email" required>
  <input name="firstName" type="text" placeholder="First Name">
  <input name="lastName" type="text" placeholder="Last Name">
  <button type="submit">Send</button>
</form>

Then, you can create new headers with the exact, case-sensitive name values. Just go to the spreadsheet and add the names to the first row, each name in a different column.

Related Polyfills

Some of this stuff is not yet fully supported by browsers or doesn't work on older ones. Here are some polyfill options to use for better support.

1. Promise Polyfill
2. Fetch Polyfill
3. FormData Polyfill

Since the FormData polyfill is published as a Node package and needs to be compiled for browsers to work with, a good option for including these is using Browserify's CDN called wzrd.in. This service compiles, minifies and serves the latest version of these scripts for us.

You'll want to make sure these load before the main script handling the form submission. e.g.:

<script src="https://wzrd.in/standalone/formdata-polyfill"></script>
<script src="https://wzrd.in/standalone/promise-polyfill@latest"></script>
<script src="https://wzrd.in/standalone/whatwg-fetch@latest"></script>

<script>
  const scriptURL = '<SCRIPT URL>'
  const form = document.forms['submit-to-google-sheet']
  ...
</script>

And... Yep, this is it.
After trying several different methods to do this "simple" action, that's the only one that worked for me - so I hope it helps. Feel free to share it/save it for future use and feel free to comment in case you have ideas to improve it!

Comments

[JonthueM]

What if I just want to push certain inputs not all?

[nameless08]

Hi Omer.
Great job.
I have a task to stack data on different sheets. Could you please tell me how to modify the script to pass the sheetName value from the site?

[nameless08]

Hi Omer
Nice work
I have the task of stacking data on different sheets. Could you please tell me how to modify the script to pass the "sheetName" value from the site?

[Omer Lahav]

You commented the same thing on Dec 17 '21 and on March 26.
How is this helpful? :)

[BobyMarley]

Hi Omer. I get error TypeError: Cannot read property 'getId' of null
Please tell me what is causing this error. Thnks!
drive.google.com/file/d/1bIhcizg8C...

[Phillip Cantu]

I solved it with ChatGPT. Replace the beginning code to:
var sheetId = 'YOUR_SPREADSHEET_ID'; // Replace 'YOUR_SPREADSHEET_ID' with the actual ID of your Google Sheet
var sheetName = 'Sheet1'; // Replace 'Sheet1' with the name of your sheet if it's different

function doPost(e) {
var lock = LockService.getScriptLock();
lock.tryLock(10000);

try {
var doc = SpreadsheetApp.openById(sheetId); // Open the spreadsheet by ID
var sheet = doc.getSheetByName(sheetName);
THE REST OF THE CODE IS THE SAME
So the difference here is that you're putting the exact Google Sheet's ID

[Phillip Cantu]

Same! Did you solve it?

[Omer Lahav]

It's true, FabForm looks like a great solution. (someone mentioned it as well last December: dev.to/fabform/comment/1kha4 )
The thing is I wrote this article two years ago, on January 2020. I looked for this kind of a solution for 7 (!!!) pages on google :)
Couldn't find any other solution than this one that was suggested by Jamie Wilson . If other, easier solutions came to the market since then - I'm truly happy because finding and implement this solution was a bit of a mess. [You can see it by the amount of tech support I had to give here in the comments section :) ]

[Brandon Powell]

Hi Omer, I follow the steps I getting email message on this line --> form.addEventListener('submit', e => { saying that TypeError: Cannot read property 'addEventListener' of undefined I just copy what you told me.

[Sagar]

What about security? anybody can be a fishing attack on spreadhseet. I can send tons of request by fetch method to overflow the spreadhseet. Is there any solution for this security threate?

[Shristi Sharma]

Hi Omer! Thank you so much for this post. As a high schooler, your tutorial is much easier to follow than others.
I am sending data from a js file (without an HTML form) to my google sheet and I do get a "Success! {}" message in the console and the timestamp updates, but the rest of the columns on my sheet never update with data. I have checked to make sure my column headers and code match up and are case sensitive.
My code on Google Apps Script is the exact same as yours, and this is how I am sending data from my js file:

// Send Data to Google Sheets
  var formData = {
    'name': 'Bob Smith',
    'email': '[e-mail]'
  };
  var options = {
    'method' : 'post',
    'payload' : formData
  };
  fetch(scriptURL, options)
      .then(response => console.log('Success!', response))
      .catch(error => console.error('Error!', error.message))

Could you please help me out?

[Shristi Sharma]

Solved it! This link explains the solution: github.com/jamiewilson/form-to-goo...
But, one small change from the link above is not putting quotes in FormData() because it signifies a string, and the workaround should be to create a null HTML Form element.
So use: var sendingData = new FormData()
Instead of: var sendingData = new FormData('')

Solution code for js file:

saveToGoogleSheet () {
  const scriptURL = 'https://script.google.com/macros/s/.../exec'
  var sendingData = new FormData() // adjusted here
  sendingData.append('some_key', some_var_with_value)
  fetch(scriptURL, {method: 'POST', body: sendingData}) // adjusted here
    .then(response => console.log('Success!', response))
    .catch(error => console.error('Error!', error.message))
}