If the function plt.axis() is called without arguments, the current axis limits are returned by it.

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If the function plt.axis() is called without arguments, the current axis limits are returned by it in tuple format (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax), estimated automatically and with the addition of a little padding to ensure proper capture of all the data.

I did the reading on Day 64.
Day 63 [October 9, 2025]

I need to buckle down, as I'm still lagging on day 2's remaining goals, day 3 & 4 goals, "Day 3-4: Control structures (if-else, loops)", as well as day 5 (and 6) goals, "Day 5-6: Functions and modules", and Day 7 target (exercises) (Meta AI, personal communication, August 8, 2025). If I haven't covered this, I can't make progress on day 8 - 62 goals.

Goals:
**As extracted from the 'Python for Software Development' textbook by Halvorsen (n.d.):**

The New Age of Programming ✅
What is Python? ✅
Introduction to Python ✅
Interpreted vs. Compiled ✅
Python Packages ✅
Python Packages for Science and Numerical Computations ✅
Python Editors ✅
Python IDLE ✅
Visual Studio Code ✅
Variables ✅
Numbers ✅
Strings ✅
String Input✅
Built-in Functions✅
Python Standard Library✅
Using Python Libraries, Packages and Modules✅
Python Packages✅
Plotting in Python ✅
Subplots✅
Exercises
If ... Else
Arrays
For Loops
Nested
For Loops
While Loops
Exercises
Creating Functions in Python - Introduction
Functions with multiple return values
Exercises
Creating Classes in Python
The init () Function
Exercises
Creating Python Modules
Exercises

Notes:
'Python for Software Development' textbook by Halvorsen (n.d.):
On day 62, I worked on the exercise in Halvorsen, n.d., page 51, and came to this solution after corrections:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

xStart = 0
xEnd = 2*np.pi
increment = 0.5

x = np.arange(xStart, xEnd, increment)
y = np.sin(x)
plt.subplot(2,1,1)
plt.plot(x,y,'g')
plt.xlabel('x')
plt.ylabel('sin(x)')
plt.title('SINE GRAPH')
plt.grid()
plt.show()

x = np.arange(xStart, xEnd, increment)
y = np.cos(x)
plt.subplot(2,1,2)
plt.plot(x,y,'r')
plt.xlabel('x')
plt.ylabel('cos(x)')
plt.title('COSINE GRAPH')
plt.grid()
plt.show()

But the functions axis() and legend() were not used in my code. Today I want to study what they do.

plt.axis() (geeksforgeeks, 2025):

To customize the coordinate system and view of the plot
To have the properties of the x- and y-axis set or obtained in a plot
Axis limits can be obtained or set i.e. xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax
For the setting of the plot's aspect ration i.e. 'auto', 'numeric ratio', or 'equal']
With 'tight', the data can be surrounded with tight layout

If the function plt.axis() is called without arguments, the current axis limits are returned by it i.e. [xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax], and this tells us the x and y ranges (which are also estimated automatically] which bound the plot, as the following example shows (geeksforgeeks, 2025):

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.plot([1,2,3],[4,5,6])
print(plt.axis())

Which outputs:
(np.float64(0.9), np.float64(3.1), np.float64(3.9), np.float64(6.1)),
aside the plot (shown diagrammatically, though not shown here).

I didn't understand this output, so I asked Google (2025). Here are some lessons

"The limits are returned as a tuple in the format (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)"
The limits are estimated automatically
NumPy's 64-bit floating-point numbers are shown as np.float64
When the axis limits are being set, little padding are added within the bounds of the data points by matplotlibe automatically, making certain that no part of the data is invisible including the edges of the plot.

If the function plt.axis() is called without arguments, the current axis limits are returned by it i.e. [xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax], which are returned in tuple format (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax), estimated automatically and when these axis limits are being set, little padding are added within the bounds of the data points by matplotlibe automatically, making certain that no part of the data is invisible including the edges of the plot (geeksforgeeks, 2025; Google, 2025).

Summary:
If the function plt.axis() is called without arguments, the current axis limits are returned by it in tuple format (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax), estimated automatically and with the addition of a little padding to ensure proper capture of all the data.

References: