Top 10 Python Interview Question and Answers

1. Can you discuss the use of generator functions in Python?

2. Generator functions in Python are functions that use the yield keyword to return a generator object that can be used to iterate over a sequence of values. Generator functions are useful for creating large sequences of data that would otherwise consume too much memory if stored in a list.

3. How do you optimize the performance of a Python codebase?

4. There are several ways to optimize the performance of a Python codebase. Some common techniques include using optimized data structures and algorithms, avoiding unnecessary computations and memory allocations, and profiling the code to identify bottlenecks.

5. Can you explain the difference between a list and an iterator in Python?

6. A list in Python is an ordered collection of objects that can be of any type and can be modified in place. An iterator is an object that produces a stream of values on demand, and can only be iterated over once. Lists are more flexible but can be slower and use more memory than iterators, depending on the use case.

7. How do you implement polymorphism in Python?

8. Polymorphism in Python is the ability of different objects to respond to the same method call in different ways. This can be achieved through inheritance, where subclasses override or extend the behavior of their superclasses, or through duck typing, where objects are treated as if they have a certain interface even if they do not formally implement it.

9. Can you discuss the use of lambda functions in Python?

10. Lambda functions in Python are anonymous functions that can be created on the fly and passed as arguments to other functions. They are useful for defining simple functions that are needed only once and do not need to be named.

11. How do you handle asynchronous tasks in Python?

12. Asynchronous tasks in Python can be implemented using the asyncio module or third-party libraries such as asyncio, aiohttp, and uvloop. These tools provide tools for concurrent programming, event loop management, and asynchronous I/O operations.

13. Can you explain the difference between a static and a class method in Python?

14. A static method in Python is a method that belongs to a class rather than an instance of the class. It can be called on the class itself or on any instance of the class, and does not have access to the instance's state. A class method is a method that belongs to a class and is bound to the class, rather than the instance of the class. It can be called on the class itself or on any instance of the class, and has access to the class's state.

15. How do you implement object serialization in Python?

16. Object serialization in Python refers to the process of converting an object's state to a byte stream, which can then be stored or transmitted and later restored to its original form. This can be useful for storing objects in a database or transmitting them over a network. Python provides several built-in modules for object serialization, including pickle, json, and marshal.

17. Can you discuss the use of modules and packages in Python?

18. Modules in Python are files that contain code that can be imported and used in other Python code. Packages are collections of modules that are organized into a directory structure and can be imported using the import statement. Modules and packages allow developers to reuse code and organize their codebase into logical units.

19. How do you handle database interactions in Python?

20. There are several ways to handle database interactions in Python, depending on the type of database being used. The sqlite3 module is a built-in module for interacting with SQLite databases, while the psycopg2 module is a popular choice for interacting with PostgreSQL databases. Other options include the mysql-connector-python module for MySQL databases and the pyodbc module for interacting with a variety of databases.