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Arseny Zinchenko
Arseny Zinchenko

Posted on • Originally published at rtfm.co.ua on

Kubernetes: Minikube, and a LoadBalancer in the Pending status

#kubernetes #docker #development

After running Pritunl in Minikube, it is not possible to connect to the VPN:

…

2022–10–03 13:50:32 TCP/UDP: Preserving recently used remote address: [AF_INET]194.168.3.100:1194

2022–10–03 13:50:32 UDP link local: (not bound)

2022–10–03 13:50:32 UDP link remote: [AF_INET]194.168.3.100:1194

…

Check its Kubernetes Service:

$ kubectl -n pritunl-local get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
pritunl LoadBalancer 10.102.129.25 <pending> 1194:30166/TCP 47m
…
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The type is LoadBalancer, but its EXTERNAL-IPstatus is Pending , since Minikube does not have a service with the LoadBalancer type, because it must be created at the infrastructure level - AWS, GCE, Azure, and then Kubernetes receives an IP or URL from them to route requests to this load balancer.

LoadBalancer solutions

For the Minikube, there are several solutions:

  • use minikube tunnel - will create a tunnel between the host and the Service in Kubernetes
  • or minikube service - get a direct URL to connect
  • or set externalIPs - for Kubernetes LoadBalancer Service - configure it manually

Let’s try everything.

Minikube tunnel

Check the routes on the host machine:

$ route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.3.1 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 enp38s0
172.17.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 docker0
172.18.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 br-9c291321e71a]
192.168.3.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp38s0
192.168.59.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 vboxnet0
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Can see here the route to our VirtualBox -  192.168.59.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 vboxnet0.

Launch tunnel:

$ minikube tunnel
[sudo] password for setevoy:
Status:
machine: minikube
pid: 333552
route: 10.96.0.0/12 -> 192.168.59.107
minikube: Running
services: [pritunl]
errors:
minikube: no errors
router: no errors
loadbalancer emulator: no errors
…
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Check the routes now — there is a new route to the network 10.96.0.0 (Kubernetes CIDR) via 192.168.59.107 — this is a VirtualBox virtual machine running Minikube itself:

$ route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.3.1 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 enp38s0
10.96.0.0 192.168.59.107 255.240.0.0 UG 0 0 0 vboxnet0
172.17.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 docker0
172.18.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 br-9c291321e71a
192.168.3.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp38s0
192.168.59.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 vboxnet0
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Check Kubernetes LoadBalancer now:

$ kubectl -n pritunl-local get svc pritunl
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
pritunl LoadBalancer 10.102.129.25 10.102.129.25 1194:30166/TCP 54m
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“It works!” ©

Minikube service

Run minikube service, specify a namespace and a name of the Service - Minicube will return the URL for connection to us:

$ minikube service -n pritunl-local pritunl
| — — — — — — — -| — — — — -| — — — — — — — | — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -|
| NAMESPACE | NAME | TARGET PORT | URL |
| — — — — — — — -| — — — — -| — — — — — — — | — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -|
| pritunl-local | pritunl | openvpn/1194 | http://192.168.59.108:32350 |
| — — — — — — — -| — — — — -| — — — — — — — | — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -|
🎉 Opening service pritunl-local/pritunl in default browser…
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Here, 192.168.59.108 is the address of our VirtualBox server, and 32350 is the NodePort on it, with Pritunl Server running.

You can also list all Kubernetes Services with list:

$ minikube service -n pritunl-local list
| — — — — — — — -| — — — — — — — — -| — — — — — — — | — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -|
| NAMESPACE | NAME | TARGET PORT | URL |
| — — — — — — — -| — — — — — — — — -| — — — — — — — | — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -|
| pritunl-local | pritunl | openvpn/1194 | http://192.168.59.108:32350 |
| pritunl-local | pritunl-mongodb | No node port |
| pritunl-local | pritunl-web | No node port |
| — — — — — — — -| — — — — — — — — -| — — — — — — — | — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -|
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Or get the URL in one line instead of a table:

$ kubectl -n priminikube service -n pritunl-local pritunl — url
http://192.168.59.108:32350
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Try to connect:

$ telnet 192.168.59.108 32350
Trying 192.168.59.108…
Connected to 192.168.59.108.
Escape character is ‘^]’.
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Pritunl logs:

“It works!” ©

LoadBalancer externalIPs

Get the IP of the VirtualBox machine:

$ minikube ip
192.168.59.108
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Edit LoadBalancer:

$ kubectl -n pritunl-local edit svc pritunl
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Set externalIPs:

...
  externalIPs:
  - 192.168.59.108
...
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Save, check the Service itself:

$ kubectl -n pritunl-local get svc pritunl
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
pritunl LoadBalancer 10.104.33.93 192.168.59.108 1194:32350/TCP 81m
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And check connection:

$ telnet 192.168.59.108 1194
Trying 192.168.59.108…
Connected to 192.168.59.108.
Escape character is ‘^]’.
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“It works!” ©

Done.

Originally published at RTFM: Linux, DevOps, and system administration.

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