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Ahmed Harabi
Ahmed Harabi

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Technologies You Should Learn in 2025

AI Agents

What are they?

AI agents are autonomous systems capable of reasoning, learning, and performing tasks with minimal human intervention. They are evolving from single-purpose bots into systems capable of orchestrating complex workflows.

Example:

  • GitHub Copilot X acts as a coding assistant that suggests entire functions, fixes bugs, and integrates libraries seamlessly.
  • Autonomous AI agents like AutoGPT or BabyAGI automate multi-step tasks like data analysis or market research.

Skills and Tools to Learn:

  • Python and libraries like LangChain
  • Frameworks such as OpenAI API or Hugging Face Transformers
  • Concepts in Reinforcement Learning and Large Language Models (LLMs)

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)

What is it?

RAG enhances AI model performance by combining information retrieval systems with generative AI to provide accurate, up-to-date, and fact-based responses.

Example:

  • A document search tool that integrates with OpenAI GPT to deliver instant, accurate answers from company knowledge bases.

Skills and Tools to Learn:

  • LangChain, Pinecone, or Weaviate for vector databases
  • OpenAI API or similar LLM tools
  • Elasticsearch for retrieval systems

Microservices Architecture

What is it?

Microservices decompose applications into smaller, independent services that can be built, deployed, and scaled individually.

Example:

  • Netflix uses microservices to separate user interfaces, payment processing, and recommendation systems for better scalability and reliability.

Skills and Tools to Learn:

  • Docker and Kubernetes for containerization
  • RESTful APIs or GraphQL for service communication
  • Spring Boot (Java), Express.js (Node.js), or Flask (Python)

Serverless Computing

What is it?

Serverless computing allows developers to focus solely on code while the cloud provider handles infrastructure scaling, security, and management.

Example:

  • Building a serverless image processing app using AWS Lambda, where uploaded images trigger resizing and format conversions automatically.

Skills and Tools to Learn:

  • AWS Lambda, Azure Functions, or Google Cloud Functions
  • Infrastructure-as-Code tools like Serverless Framework or AWS SAM
  • Asynchronous programming

Infrastructure as Code (IaC)

What is it?

IaC automates infrastructure provisioning using code, enabling reproducibility and faster deployments.

Example:

  • Spotify uses Terraform to manage its cloud infrastructure for deploying and scaling services globally.

Skills and Tools to Learn:

  • Terraform, AWS CloudFormation, or Pulumi
  • Ansible or Chef for configuration management
  • Familiarity with cloud providers like AWS, Azure, or GCP

What are you planning to learn this year? Let's discuss in the comments!

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