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What It Really Takes to Become a Senior Software Engineer

I have always dreamed of becoming a Senior Software Engineer, and throughout my career I have realised that it requires far more than just technical ability. Currently, I work as a Software Engineer III at LexisNexis Risk Solutions, and I took the opportunity to gather advice and perspectives from engineers, managers, product, architecture, and leadership across the organisation.

Thanks to everyone who took the time to share their thoughts, experiences, and insights.

What stood out most was how consistent the advice was. Different people, different roles, but very similar themes. This post is a compilation of those common patterns.


Core Mindset

Be Self-Directed

Senior engineers are expected to operate with autonomy.

  • Take ambiguous problems and define the path forward
  • Fill in missing details yourself and continue to validate
  • Work independently without constant guidance
  • Take ownership and run with projects
  • Be proactive rather than waiting for tasks

The shift to senior level is largely about moving from “being assigned work” to “owning problems.”


Think Bigger Than the Task

  • Think in systems and larger building blocks
  • Understand product goals and business context
  • Learn the language of the product
  • Consider trajectory, tradeoffs, and long-term impact
  • Not all solutions are equal — think carefully before acting

A strong theme was that seniors don’t just solve problems — they evaluate the quality and impact of solutions.


Be Curious and Experimental

Growth comes from exploration.

  • Dig deeper into problems
  • Try things and experiment
  • Learn by building
  • Don’t be afraid to make mistakes
  • Figure things out yourself before escalating

Curiosity and willingness to explore came up repeatedly as key growth drivers.


Technical Growth

Build Strong Technical Foundations

Technical excellence still matters.

  • Develop strong engineering fundamentals
  • Improve your system knowledge
  • Become knowledgeable in a specific domain
  • Build subject matter expertise
  • Understand infrastructure, observability, dashboards, alerts, and pipelines

Technical strength is still required — but it needs to be reliable and deep.


Keep Upskilling

Software changes constantly — adaptation is part of the job.

  • Take courses
  • Study good codebases
  • Fork and learn from GitHub/open-source projects
  • Stay technically passionate
  • Keep improving your engineering craft

Engineering Excellence

Focus on quality and ownership.

  • Don’t just “make it work”
  • Catch issues early
  • Monitor systems and visibility
  • Maintain high standards
  • Be methodical and thoughtful
  • Learn when to slow down and think carefully

Communication & Collaboration

Communication Is a Superpower

Nearly everyone highlighted communication.

  • Ask questions
  • Share feedback
  • Explain concepts clearly
  • Adapt explanations to different audiences
  • Present ideas confidently
  • Talk through technical decisions
  • Keep managers informed about concerns and goals

Strong communication builds trust and influence.


Help Others Grow

Senior engineers multiply the effectiveness of the team.

  • Mentor juniors
  • Share knowledge openly
  • Review PRs thoughtfully
  • Teach along the way
  • Be approachable and helpful

“When you can explain things clearly to people below and above your level, that’s valuable.”


Work Well With People

Technical skill alone is not enough.

  • People matter a lot
  • Everyone is a peer
  • Collaborate effectively
  • Learn from seniors and peers
  • Avoid negativity and unnecessary criticism
  • Pick your battles

A recurring theme was maturity and professionalism.


Ownership & Visibility

Take Initiative

  • Volunteer for projects
  • Speak up when something should improve
  • Create momentum
  • Don’t shy away from responsibility
  • Own outcomes, not just tasks

Opportunity doesn’t always come directly — you often need to step into it.


Make Your Work Visible

Good work should be discoverable.

  • Track your changes and contributions
  • Create PBIs/tasks for your work
  • Participate actively in PR discussions
  • Document your work clearly
  • Contribute to visible projects

Visibility helps others understand your impact.


Product & Business Awareness

Understand the “Why”

Senior engineers connect technical decisions to business outcomes.

  • Understand customer and product needs
  • Solve meaningful problems
  • Think beyond implementation
  • Look for opportunities to innovate
  • Balance engineering with practicality

Better decisions come from understanding context, not just code.


Career Growth Advice

Be Intentional About Your Career

Growth does not happen automatically.

  • Understand your manager’s expectations
  • Set objectives aligned to your career goals
  • Look at strong examples around you
  • Ask directly for opportunities and feedback
  • Advocate for yourself
  • Don’t say “yes” to everything if you are unhappy

Final Thoughts

Being a senior engineer is not just about writing better code.

It is about:

  • owning problems,
  • communicating clearly,
  • helping others succeed,
  • understanding the bigger picture,
  • and consistently demonstrating maturity, initiative, and reliability.

Technical skill opens the door, but leadership, communication, and ownership are what truly distinguish senior engineers.

... and a final gem from our recently retired Principal Engineer: "Don't forget to stay healthy, lift weights"

Top comments (2)

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mjgardner profile image
Mark Gardner

Really enjoyed this. It’s clear and practical, especially the parts on ownership and influence.

One thing that could make it stronger is showing how this actually plays out in real situations. For example:

  • what ownership looks like during an incident or failure
  • a case where a decision clearly impacted something measurable like cost, latency, or delivery speed

A couple of concrete stories, even messy ones, would help this land even more. Right now it’s solid and motivating, but those details would make it a lot harder to argue with.

Great write-up. This is the kind of perspective more engineers need earlier in their careers.

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jeremylwright profile image
Jeremy Wright

Great Writeup @dev_elop_er_ . I agree with all your points. Here are a few my thoughts as a Principal Engineer.

The shift to senior level is largely about moving from “being assigned work” to “owning problems.”

I agree. The shift above Senior is about identifying problems, seeing the end of the road before it hits us.

Not all solutions are equal — think carefully before acting

The hardest thing for me to learn was not all problems need to be solved.
Not all problems have the same cost/value. Sometimes the solution simply isn't worth it. Ai is changing this calculus significantly, and it behooves us to see how AI can be used to prototype and better estimate the cost/value trade off of different solutions.

Curious

Yes. This is THE thing that elevates engineers beyond their rank. I got a majority of my jobs from things I explored and discovered individually than things I was taught or learned as part of my work/school/job.

I learned boot loaders because I thought casting constant memory addresses to a function pointer was funny. I got to work on the 747-800's boot loader as an Engineer I because of that experience. Follow those things that interest you, they interest you for a reason and you never know when only you will be the one with experience in that domain.

The most fulfilling question you can receive as an engineer is a flabergasted, "How do you know that?"

Technical excellence still matters.

Knowing the WHY matters more than ever. It is only one who knows the WHY of a rule to know when it best to break it.

Upskilling

Deep Research tools are the new step 1 for me. Have AI interview you on your gaps on a new technology to write a research prompt collaboratively. Then build you exercises and tasks to cement that understanding.

Write.

Writing is nature's way of showing how sloppy your thinking is.

  • Leslie Lamport This blog, personal diaries, a note taking app like Obsidian, Zettlekasten, whatever clicks for you, pick a system that helps you organize your thinking. Pick a system that externalizes your brain and it'll become your super power. You'll communicate more clearly, you'll prompt AI more effectively, you'll listen more calmly.

Communication Is a Superpower

Also look for opportunities to update peers and subordinates. In nearly every context you are a leader/mentor to some, and a follower to others. Find your place in the world and fulfill those roles.

Always try to work yourself out of a job.

Write code to automate something, teach someone else to replace you. If you always elevate the work you have, you'll never be short of opportunity.

All problems are people related eventually. Learning to communicate, inspire, motivate and "bring people with" is the single greatest skill you can grow. Increasingly as AI can solve difficult algorithms, it is helping people understand the value of a solution and the delivering of those solutions that matters.