When we start learning programming, we see languages behave differently. Some are very strict (like Java), some are more relaxed (like Python). Some need a compiler, others work instantly in the browser.
These differences are mainly because of:
-Typing system → How data types are handled.
-Execution model → How the code is run.
In this blog, we’ll understand:
Statically vs Dynamically Typed Languages
Compiled vs Interpreted Languages,with examples.
Part 1:Statically Typed vs Dynamically Typed Languages
What is Typing?
Typing means how variables are treated with respect to their data type (like number, string, boolean).
There are two main ways this is done:
Statically typed: Type is decided before the program runs.
Dynamically typed: Type is decided during program execution.
Static Typing (Example: Java, C, C++)
int age = 25; // Type is declared before using
You must declare the data type.
Errors like :TypeMismatch" will be shown during compile time.
The program won't run until you fix them.
Benefits:
-Early error detection
-Faster performance
-IDEs give better auto-suggestions
Drawbacks:
Slower development
Dynamic Typing (Example: JavaScript, Python)
age = 25
age = "twenty five" # Allowed
No need to declare type. You can even change the type during runtime. Easier for beginners.
Benefits:
- Faster to write
- Very flexible
- Less code ** Drawbacks:**
- Errors occur at runtime
- Can lead to bugs if you're careless Real-life analogy: Talking to a friend – you can say “I’m 25” or “I’m twenty five” and they’ll still understand. ** Part 2: Compiled vs Interpreted Languages** What is Compilation? 1.Compiled languages are translated into machine code (binary) by a compiler before running. 2.Interpreter languages are read line-by-line during execution. Compiled Language (e.g., C, C++, Java)
gcc hello.c -o hello
./hello
- The whole program is compiled into an executable file.
- Execution is faster.
- All errors must be resolved first. Pros:
- Fast execution
- Optimization possible
- Secure
Cons:
- Needs compilation before every run
- Platform-dependent (e.g., .exe for Windows)
** Interpreted Language (e.g., Python, JavaScript)**
- Code is interpreted line-by-line.
- Errors can occur midway while executing.
- Great for small scripts and rapid testing.
Pros:
- Easy to test and debug
- Platform-independent Cons:
- Slower execution
- Runtime errors
Real-World Example:
Compiled: Like baking a cake → once baked, you can serve fast.
Interpreted: Like cooking live on a stove → you do one step at a time, and if something goes wrong, it stops midway.
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Top comments (1)
this is extremely impressive, appreciate how you kept it all so accessible for someone still piecing this stuff together
wondering if you had moments when static typing tripped you up or saved you big headaches