I know many people have already written a lot about arrays, but most of them only contain the most used and basic methods.
But there are lots of not so popular methods that you can use to manipulate, iterate, and do many things with your arrays. So we are going to talk about those methods in this post using JavaScript.
Arrays
JavaScript array is a non-primitive data type that can store multiple values in it which can be of the same data type or different data type. Also, the length of a JavaScript array is not fixed.
Array methods
We all know about push(), pop(), indexOf() methods.
arr.push('x') adds x at the end of the array arr and arr.pop() removes the last item from arr.
arr.indexOf('x') finds the index of x in arr.
So let's talk about the unpopular but equally important guys here.
Manipulate arrays
- unshift()
The unshift() method adds the new element at the beginning of the array and returns the new length of the array.
Example
const array = ["world"];
array.unshift("hello"); // 2
console.log(array); // ["hello", "world"]
- shift()
The shift() method removes the first element from the array and returns the removed element. It also changes the length of the array.
Example
const array = ["hello", "world"];
array.shift(); // "hello"
console.log(array); // ["world"]
- slice()
The slice() method returns a shallow copy of a portion of an array into a new array object selected from start to end, excluding the item at the end index. The original array is not modified
Example
const array = ["js", "py", "java", "c++", "c#"];
array.slice(3); // [ 'c++', 'c#' ]
array.slice(0, 2); // [ 'js', 'py' ]
console.log(array); // ["js", "py", "java", "c++", "c#"]
- splice()
The splice() method changes the contents of an array by removing or replacing existing elements and/or adding new elements in place.
Example
const array = ["js", "py", "java", "c++", "c#"];
array.splice(0, 2); // delets 2 items starting from index 0
console.log(array); // ["java", "c++", "c#"]
array.splice(0, 1, 'kotlin');
// delets 1 item starting from index 0,
// and puts 'kotlin' in that place
console.log(array); // ["kotlin", "c++", "c#"]
- join()
The join() method creates and returns a new string by concatenating all of the elements in an array separated by commas or a specified separator string.
Example
const array1 = ["1", "2", "3"];
array1.join(); // "1,2,3"
const array2 = ["I", "love", "programming"];
array2.join("-"); // "I-love-programming"
- concat()
The concat() method is used to merge two or more arrays. This method does not change the existing arrays but instead returns a new array.
Example
const array1 = ['a', 'b', 'c'];
const array2 = ['d', 'e', 'f'];
const array3 = array1.concat(array2);
console.log(array3); // ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f"]
Iterate over arrays
- every()
The every() method tests whether all elements in the array pass the test implemented by the provided function. It returns a Boolean value.
Example
const array = [10, 2, 1, 13, 17, 19, 6, 9];
array.every(item => item > 4) // false
array.every(item => item < 20) // true
- some()
The some() method tests whether at least one element in the array passes the test implemented by the provided function. It returns a Boolean value.
Example
const array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
// checks whether an element is even
array.some(item => item % 2 === 0); // true
- map()
The map() method creates a new array populated with the results of calling a provided function on every element in the calling array.
Example
const array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
const doubleOfArray = array.map(item => item * 2);
console.log(doubleOfArray); // [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
- filter()
The filter() method creates a new array with all elements that pass the test implemented by the provided function.
Example
const array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
// only the element that are even
const evenArray = array.filter(item => item % 2 === 0);
console.log(evenArray); // [2, 4]
Reduction methods
- reduce()
The reduce() method executes a reducer function defined by you on each element of the array, resulting in a single output value.
Example
const array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
// ((((1-2)-3)-4)-5) = -13
const result = array.reduce((accumulator, current) => accumulator - current);
console.log(result); // -13
- reduceRight()
The reduceRight() method applies a function against an accumulator and each value of the array (from right-to-left) to reduce it to a single value.
Example
const array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
// ((((5-4)-3)-2)-1) = -5
const result = array.reduceRight((accumulator, current) => accumulator - current);
console.log(result); // -5
Sorting arrays
- sort()
The sort() method sorts the elements of an array in place and returns the sorted array. The default sort order is ascending.
Example
const months = ['March', 'Jan', 'Feb', 'Dec'];
const nums = [4, 6, 2, 5, 1, 7, 3]
months.sort();
nums.sort();
console.log(months); // ["Dec", "Feb", "Jan", "March"]
console.log(nums); // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
- reverse()
The reverse() method reverses an array in place and returns the sorted array. Don't confuse it with sorting in descending order.
Example
const nums = [4, 6, 2, 5, 1, 7, 3]
nums.reverse();
console.log(nums); // [3, 7, 1, 5, 2, 6, 4]
That's it. You have made a new best friend now.
Thanks for reading.
If you want to get a deeper knowledge of Arrays in JavaScript then make sure to read the MDN docs of Array here π Array - JavaScript | MDN
Comment here if you have any questions about these awesome array methods.
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Top comments (1)
The find and findIndex methods are also very useful. π