This is a short guide on how to make a P2P chat. My aim is to give you only a taste if you like I could write a deeper article explaining how all these things work. That said, let's start.
Preparation
The only thing you will need is the latest NodeJS and your favorite editor, mine is Visual Studio Code. Now create a folder for our project, open a command line, initialize an npm repo with npm init and install some libraries we will need with:
npm i --save discovery-swarm dat-swarm-defaults portfinder get-port
Our first P2P connection
Let's start by doing a simple P2P connection, thanks to some great libraries from the Node.js community it is too simple:
const crypto = require('crypto') | |
const Swarm = require('discovery-swarm') | |
const defaults = require('dat-swarm-defaults') | |
const getPort = require('get-port') | |
const readline = require('readline') | |
/** | |
* Here we will save our TCP peer connections | |
* using the peer id as key: { peer_id: TCP_Connection } | |
*/ | |
const peers = {} | |
// Counter for connections, used for identify connections | |
let connSeq = 0 | |
// Peer Identity, a random hash for identify your peer | |
const myId = crypto.randomBytes(32) | |
console.log('Your identity: ' + myId.toString('hex')) | |
// reference to redline interface | |
let rl | |
/** | |
* Function for safely call console.log with readline interface active | |
*/ | |
function log () { | |
if (rl) { | |
rl.clearLine() | |
rl.close() | |
rl = undefined | |
} | |
for (let i = 0, len = arguments.length; i < len; i++) { | |
console.log(arguments[i]) | |
} | |
askUser() | |
} | |
/* | |
* Function to get text input from user and send it to other peers | |
* Like a chat :) | |
*/ | |
const askUser = async () => { | |
rl = readline.createInterface({ | |
input: process.stdin, | |
output: process.stdout | |
}) | |
rl.question('Send message: ', message => { | |
// Broadcast to peers | |
for (let id in peers) { | |
peers[id].conn.write(message) | |
} | |
rl.close() | |
rl = undefined | |
askUser() | |
}); | |
} | |
/** | |
* Default DNS and DHT servers | |
* This servers are used for peer discovery and establishing connection | |
*/ | |
const config = defaults({ | |
// peer-id | |
id: myId, | |
}) | |
/** | |
* discovery-swarm library establishes a TCP p2p connection and uses | |
* discovery-channel library for peer discovery | |
*/ | |
const sw = Swarm(config) | |
;(async () => { | |
// Choose a random unused port for listening TCP peer connections | |
const port = await getPort() | |
sw.listen(port) | |
console.log('Listening to port: ' + port) | |
/** | |
* The channel we are connecting to. | |
* Peers should discover other peers in this channel | |
*/ | |
sw.join('our-fun-channel') | |
sw.on('connection', (conn, info) => { | |
// Connection id | |
const seq = connSeq | |
const peerId = info.id.toString('hex') | |
log(`Connected #${seq} to peer: ${peerId}`) | |
// Keep alive TCP connection with peer | |
if (info.initiator) { | |
try { | |
conn.setKeepAlive(true, 600) | |
} catch (exception) { | |
log('exception', exception) | |
} | |
} | |
conn.on('data', data => { | |
// Here we handle incomming messages | |
log( | |
'Received Message from peer ' + peerId, | |
'----> ' + data.toString() | |
) | |
}) | |
conn.on('close', () => { | |
// Here we handle peer disconnection | |
log(`Connection ${seq} closed, peer id: ${peerId}`) | |
// If the closing connection is the last connection with the peer, removes the peer | |
if (peers[peerId].seq === seq) { | |
delete peers[peerId] | |
} | |
}) | |
// Save the connection | |
if (!peers[peerId]) { | |
peers[peerId] = {} | |
} | |
peers[peerId].conn = conn | |
peers[peerId].seq = seq | |
connSeq++ | |
}) | |
// Read user message from command line | |
askUser() | |
})() | |
Run this code in two consoles and this is it!. Now you can run it in other device right in your LAN and should work even without internet, also you can share and run this script in any other computer or device with internet around the world and it just works, so nice!
How it works?
This code uses the technology behind the Dat Project. All communications are decentralized and work over a P2P network.
...
I love feedback. Ask me questions, comment on your experience with P2P technologies and share your ideas! Thanks for reading :)
This series is possible thanks to the awesome tools delivered by the DatProject, Webtorrent and the NodeJS community.
Follow me on here and on Twitter if you want to know more about tech and distributed P2P networks: https://twitter.com/carloslfu
Top comments (14)
hi Carlos Galarza this is great as i expected. but i have small problem here. when i run this script on two different computers this will not works as expected. can you plz help me.
Of course, I will email you.
Could you share this concept for me as well, I would like to use your solution between some valid computers IP on the internet or a bigger network.
Thanks
I this code doesn't work for you I recommend you to use dev.to/carloslfu/comment/68ih. You don't need to put the computers IP in the code. Computers are connected with each other using the channel name:
Hope it helps
Thanks for replying me Carlos.
Of course, Rinay, email me with more details or some code I can find a moment to help you. Sorry for the late response I last month I was busy.
If this implementation sometimes doesn't work is because of some issues with the discovery-swarm library. Fortunately, Hyperswarm was released recently. It implements a more reliable way of doing peer discovery. So, if you are experimenting issues try to use it now, this article pfrazee.hashbase.io/blog/hyperswarm about Hyperswarm includes a code example and here is the GitHub repo with some docs: github.com/hyperswarm/discovery.
Great Article! Very brief and got right to the point, loved it. How would you go about creating a P2P connection on remote (non-local) devices?
Hi Jake, thanks! If you run the script in two remote computer with internet it works. I have updated the article for clarifying it. I am glad you liked the article :)
Not work, any example of how peer_id: TCP_Connection works?
Hi Carlos! I have a problem. after I start the 2 consoles, both say that they connected, but I can't write any messages. Please help me!
Hi Carlos I want build p2p connection .which package are suitable? Tell me.
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